Nursing Elites

1. First-hand accounts of an event, subject matter, time period, or an individual are referred to as what type of source?

• A. Primary sources
• B. Secondary sources
• C. Direct sources
• D. Indirect sources

Correct answer: A

Rationale: First-hand accounts, like the speech by Charles Dickens, are considered primary sources as they provide direct evidence or original data from the event or time period. Primary sources offer firsthand information, such as diaries, speeches, letters, autobiographies, or original research reports. Secondary sources interpret and analyze primary sources, making them one step removed from the original event or period. Direct and indirect sources are not commonly used terms in the context of primary and secondary sources.

2. What source would be most useful in determining the reliability of Punxsutawney Phil's predictions over a number of years?

• A. A memoir from a former president of the Groundhog Club
• B. A record of weather patterns over the past decade
• C. An article on groundhog behavior in the northeast U.S
• D. A historical account of Groundhog Day traditions

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A record of weather patterns over the past decade would be the most useful source in determining the reliability of Punxsutawney Phil's predictions. By comparing Phil's forecasts with the actual weather outcomes, one can analyze the accuracy of his predictions. Choices A, C, and D do not directly provide the necessary data on weather patterns to evaluate Phil's reliability.

3. Which of the following statements most accurately summarizes the passage?

• A. Tobacco is less healthy than many alternatives.
• B. Tobacco is deadly, expensive, and socially unappealing.
• C. The US typically taxes tobacco products, leading to high prices.
• D. Tobacco products shorten smokers' lives by ten years and kill millions.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The passage extensively details the destructive nature of smoking tobacco products, highlighting the numerous harmful chemicals, addictive properties of nicotine, increased risk of various cancers, serious health conditions, and premature deaths associated with smoking. It also mentions the high costs due to government taxation on tobacco products, alongside the negative social aspects like the smell and staining effects. Choice A is incorrect as the passage emphasizes the severe dangers rather than comparing the healthiness of tobacco to other alternatives. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses solely on the financial aspect of tobacco taxation, omitting the broader health and social consequences discussed in the passage. Choice D is partially correct but not as comprehensive as choice B, which encapsulates the deadly, expensive, and socially unappealing nature of tobacco use as portrayed in the passage.

4. Which detail from the passage best supports the conclusion that the little girl is no older than three years old?

• A. For lunch, she likes ham and cheese (torn into bites), yogurt, raisins, applesauce, peanut butter sandwiches in the fridge drawer, or any combo of these.
• B. It’s fine if you want to go somewhere, just leave us a note of where you are.
• C. As for nap, try after lunch. She may not sleep, but try anyway.
• D. Turn on music in her room, leave her in her crib with a dry diaper and bottle to try to sleep.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The detail from choice D, 'Turn on music in her room, leave her in her crib with a dry diaper and bottle to try to sleep,' best supports the conclusion that the little girl is no older than three years old. This detail suggests that the child is still using a crib for sleeping, a common practice for infants and toddlers. Additionally, the mention of a bottle indicates that the child is likely young, as older children typically do not use bottles for sleep. Choices A, B, and C do not provide specific details related to the child's age like the mention of a crib and a bottle does in choice D.

5. Which of the following can be logically inferred from the passage?

• A. The Vikings disliked exploring the New World.
• B. Leif Erikson's banishment led to his exploration of Canada.
• C. Leif Erikson never shared his stories with the King of Norway.
• D. Historians have difficulty pinpointing events in Viking history.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. It can be inferred from the passage that historians have difficulty definitively pinpointing Viking historical events. The passage highlights the uncertainty around Leif Erikson's birth year, conflicting accounts of interactions with natives, and the lack of clarity regarding specific events in Viking history. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. There is no indication in the passage that the Vikings disliked exploring the New World; Leif Erikson's banishment did not directly lead to his exploration of Canada but rather his desire to spread Christianity and find new lands; and there is no mention of Leif Erikson not sharing his stories with the King of Norway.

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