differentiate between gene therapy and genetic engineering in the context of human intervention

ATI TEAS 7

TEAS 7 science quizlet

1. Differentiate between gene therapy and genetic engineering in the context of human intervention.

A. Gene therapy aims to modify existing genes within body cells, while genetic engineering manipulates genes in embryos to be passed on to offspring.
B. Gene therapy focuses on treating genetic diseases, while genetic engineering enhances desirable traits or eliminates undesirable ones.
C. Both involve directly altering the DNA sequence, but gene therapy targets somatic cells and genetic engineering modifies germline cells.
D. There is no fundamental difference; both terms are synonymous.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A) Incorrect. Gene therapy does aim to modify existing genes within body cells, but genetic engineering does not necessarily manipulate genes in embryos to be passed on to offspring. Genetic engineering can involve modifying genes in any type of cell, not just embryos. B) Correct. Gene therapy is a medical intervention that aims to treat genetic diseases by correcting or replacing faulty genes within an individual's body cells. On the other hand, genetic engineering involves modifying genes to enhance specific traits or eliminate undesirable ones, often in the context of agriculture or biotechnology. C) Incorrect. While both gene therapy and genetic engineering involve altering DNA sequences, the distinction lies in the target cells. Gene therapy targets somatic cells (non-reproductive cells), while genetic engineering typically involves modifying germline cells (reproductive cells that can pass on genetic changes to offspring). D) Incorrect. There is

2. How do hydrogen bonds in water affect its characteristics?

A. Hydrogen bonds are not polar enough to attract non-polar molecules.
B. Hydrogen bonds cause water to be less dense when it is a solid than when it is a liquid.
C. Hydrogen bonds cause water to have high surface tension, allowing some organisms to move across it.
D. Hydrogen bonds cause water to be a good solvent.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Hydrogen bonds in water contribute to its high surface tension, enabling some organisms to move across the water's surface. This property is essential for certain insects and small animals that rely on surface tension to move or stay afloat on water. Choice A is incorrect because hydrogen bonds are polar and can attract polar and other charged molecules. Choice B is incorrect as hydrogen bonds make ice less dense than liquid water, which is a unique property. Choice D is incorrect as the ability of water to act as a good solvent is primarily due to its polarity, not just hydrogen bonding.

3. Which of the following terms refers to the abnormal sound heard during a stethoscope examination, potentially indicating a heart valve issue?

A. Tachycardia
B. Bradycardia
C. Heart murmur
D. Arrhythmia

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A heart murmur is an abnormal sound heard during a stethoscope examination of the heart. It can indicate issues with the heart valves, such as stenosis or regurgitation. Tachycardia refers to a fast heart rate, bradycardia refers to a slow heart rate, and arrhythmia refers to an irregular heart rhythm. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Heart murmur,' as it specifically relates to the abnormal sound heard during a stethoscope examination that may signal a heart valve issue.

4. Which of the following is an example of a tissue?

A. chloroplasts
B. liver
C. mammal
D. hamstring

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'B: liver.' The liver is an example of a tissue. Tissues are groups of cells that work together to perform specific functions in the body. The liver is made up of different types of cells that work together to carry out various essential functions, such as detoxification, metabolism, and storage of nutrients. Option A (chloroplasts) refers to organelles, not tissues. Option D (hamstring) is a muscle, not a tissue. Option C (mammal) represents a higher level of organization than tissues, as it refers to a classification of organisms, not a specific tissue type.

5. Which of the following infectious diseases can be caused by a protozoan parasite?

A. Measles
B. Malaria
C. Mumps
D. Mononucleosis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Malaria. Malaria is caused by Plasmodium, a protozoan parasite transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes. Measles and mumps are viral diseases caused by separate viruses. Mononucleosis, on the other hand, is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, which is also a viral infection. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are caused by viruses, not protozoa.