Nursing Elites

1. A woman’s dinner bill comes to $48.30. If she adds a 20% tip, which of the following will be her total bill?

• A. $9.66
• B. $38.64
• C. $48.30
• D. $57.96

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To calculate the total bill after adding a 20% tip, you need to find 120% of the original bill. This is because adding a 20% tip means paying 120% of the bill. So, $48.30 × 120/100 = $57.96. Therefore, the correct answer is $57.96. Choice A ($9.66) is incorrect as it represents only the 20% tip amount. Choice B ($38.64) is incorrect as it is the original bill amount without the tip. Choice C ($48.30) is incorrect as it is the original bill amount and does not include the additional 20% tip.

2. Can a rational number be a fraction or decimal, or must it be a whole number?

• A. It must be a whole number
• B. It can be a fraction or decimal
• C. It can be any of the three
• D. It cannot be a decimal

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. A rational number can be a whole number, fraction, or decimal. A rational number is any number that can be expressed as a ratio of two integers (where the denominator is not zero), which includes whole numbers, fractions, and decimals. Choice A is incorrect because rational numbers are not limited to being whole numbers. Choice B is incorrect because a rational number can be a fraction, decimal, or whole number. Choice D is incorrect because rational numbers can definitely be decimals, as long as the decimal representation is either terminating or repeating.

3. A man decided to buy new furniture from Futuristic Furniture for $2,600. Futuristic Furniture gave the man two choices: pay the entire amount in one payment with cash, or pay $1,000 as a down payment and $120 per month for two full years in the financing plan. If the man chooses the financing plan, how much more would he pay?

• A. $1,480 more
• B. $1,280 more
• C. $1,600 more
• D. $2,480 more

Correct answer: B

Rationale: To calculate the total cost with the financing plan, multiply $120 by 24 months to get $2,880. Adding the $1,000 down payment gives a total of $3,880. By comparing this total with the initial cost of $2,600 when paying in cash, the man would pay $1,280 more with the financing plan. Choice A, $1,480 more, is incorrect because it miscalculates the additional amount. Choice C, $1,600 more, is incorrect as it overestimates the extra cost. Choice D, $2,480 more, is incorrect as it significantly overstates the additional payment.

4. When the sampling distribution of means is plotted, which of the following is true?

• A. The distribution is approximately normal.
• B. The distribution is positively skewed.
• C. The distribution is negatively skewed.
• D. There is no predictable shape to the distribution.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When the sampling distribution of means is plotted, the distribution tends to be approximately normal, especially as the sample size increases. This phenomenon is described by the Central Limit Theorem, which states that the sampling distribution of the sample mean will be normally distributed regardless of the shape of the original population distribution as long as the sample size is sufficiently large. Choices B and C are incorrect because sampling distributions of means are not skewed. Choice D is incorrect because there is a predictable shape to the distribution, which is approximately normal.

5. At the beginning of the day, Xavier has 20 apples. At lunch, he meets his sister Emma and gives her half of his apples. After lunch, he stops by his neighbor Jim's house and gives him 6 of his apples. He then uses ¾ of his remaining apples to make an apple pie for dessert at dinner. At the end of the day, how many apples does Xavier have left?

• A. 4
• B. 6
• C. 2
• D. 1

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Xavier starts with 20 apples. He gives half to Emma, leaving him with 10 apples. After giving 6 more to Jim, he has 4 apples left. Using ¾ of the remaining 4 apples for the pie leaves him with 1 apple at the end of the day. Choice A is incorrect because it doesn't account for the apple pie Xavier made. Choices B and C are incorrect as they don't reflect the correct calculations of apples remaining after each step.

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