a series of muscle contractions that transports food down the digestive tract in a wave like fashion describes which of the following

ATI TEAS 7

TEAS 7 Science Practice Test

1. What term describes a series of muscle contractions that transports food down the digestive tract in a wave-like fashion?

A. digestion
B. deglutition
C. defecation
D. peristalsis

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Peristalsis is the correct term for the series of muscle contractions that move food down the digestive tract in a wave-like manner. This process helps propel food through the esophagus, stomach, and intestines, facilitating digestion and nutrient absorption. Digestion (Choice A) refers to the breakdown of food into smaller components, deglutition (Choice B) is the act of swallowing, and defecation (Choice C) is the elimination of waste from the body. Therefore, peristalsis is the most appropriate term to describe the described muscle contractions in the digestive system.

2. Which of the following lists the structures found beneath the rib in descending order?

A. Nerve → Artery → Vein
B. Vein → Nerve → Artery
C. Vein → Artery → Nerve
D. Artery → Nerve → Vein

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct order of structures found beneath the rib in descending order is Vein → Artery → Nerve. This sequence is important to remember for medical procedures like inserting a chest tube to ensure precision and avoid complications. Choice A is incorrect because the nerve is not typically the structure closest to the rib. Choice B is incorrect as the vein is usually closer to the rib than the nerve. Choice D is incorrect as the artery is usually closer to the rib than the nerve.

3. Which of the following is the smallest unit of matter?

A. Molecule
B. Atom
C. Compound
D. Element

Correct answer: B

Rationale: An atom is the fundamental building block of matter, while molecules are formed by the combination of atoms.

4. How is power related to energy?

A. Power is the same as energy
B. Energy is the rate at which work is done
C. Power is the amount of stored energy
D. Energy is the rate at which power is transferred

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Energy is the capacity to do work, while power is the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred. Power is the amount of energy transferred or converted per unit time. Therefore, energy is related to power as the rate at which work is done. Choice A is incorrect because power and energy are not the same; they are related concepts but represent different aspects. Choice C is incorrect because power does not refer to stored energy but rather the rate of energy transfer. Choice D is incorrect because energy is not the rate at which power is transferred, but the capacity to do work or cause change.

5. What is a temporary loss of consciousness due to insufficient blood flow to the brain called?

A. Stroke
B. Seizure
C. Syncope (fainting)
D. Coma

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Syncope, also known as fainting, is a temporary loss of consciousness caused by insufficient blood flow to the brain. It results from a brief interruption in the brain's blood supply, leading to a temporary loss of consciousness. The correct answer is C. A stroke, option A, is caused by a blockage or rupture of blood vessels in the brain, not insufficient blood flow. Seizure, option B, involves a sudden surge of electrical brain activity, not reduced blood flow. Coma, option D, is characterized by prolonged unconsciousness, not a temporary loss of consciousness due to insufficient blood flow.