Nursing Elites

1. What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of (1x10^{-9}) M?

• A. 5
• B. 7
• C. 9
• D. 11

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The pH of a solution can be calculated using the formula: pH = -log[H+]. Given that the hydrogen ion concentration is \(1 \times 10^{-9}\) M, the pH can be calculated as pH = -log(1 x 10^-9) = 9. Therefore, the correct answer is C) 9.

2. Identify the predicate in the following sentence: 'The children built a sandcastle on the beach.'

• A. on the beach
• B. built a sandcastle
• C. children
• D. the

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The predicate in a sentence is the part that tells what the subject is doing or what is being done to the subject. In this sentence, 'built a sandcastle' is the predicate as it is the action performed by the subject 'children.' 'On the beach' is a prepositional phrase that provides additional information but is not the predicate. Choice C 'children' is the subject of the sentence, and choice D 'the' is an article referring to 'children,' making them incorrect choices for the predicate.

3. A patient requires a 30% decrease in their medication dosage. Their current dosage is 340 mg. What will their dosage be after the decrease?

• A. 70 mg
• B. 238 mg
• C. 270 mg
• D. 340 mg

Correct answer: B

Rationale: To calculate a 30% decrease of 340 mg, multiply 340 by 0.30 to get 102. Subtracting 102 from 340 gives a new dosage of 238 mg. Choice A (70 mg) is incorrect as it represents a 80% decrease, not 30%. Choice C (270 mg) is incorrect as it does not reflect a decrease but rather the original dosage. Choice D (340 mg) is incorrect as it is the original dosage and not reduced by 30%.

4. How many grams are in one kilogram?

• A. 100 grams
• B. 1000 grams
• C. 500 grams
• D. 2000 grams

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 1000 grams. This is because by definition, 1 kilogram is equal to 1000 grams. Choice A, 100 grams, is incorrect as it underestimates the actual conversion. Choice C, 500 grams, and Choice D, 2000 grams, are also incorrect as they do not align with the correct conversion factor of 1 kilogram to 1000 grams.

5. Which organ helps break down food by grinding it with your teeth?

• A. Stomach
• B. Esophagus
• C. Liver
• D. Mouth

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Mouth. The mouth is the organ that helps break down food by grinding it with your teeth. The process of chewing, also known as mastication, breaks down food into smaller pieces, making it easier to swallow and digest. The teeth in the mouth play a crucial role in this initial stage of digestion by physically breaking down food into smaller particles. The other options listed, such as the stomach, esophagus, and liver, do not directly participate in the mechanical breakdown of food through chewing. The stomach is responsible for further digestion through chemical processes, the esophagus is a muscular tube that helps transport food to the stomach, and the liver is primarily involved in metabolic functions and bile production.

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