ATI TEAS 7
ATI TEAS Practice Science Test
1. If a doctor diagnoses a patient with an impaired posterior pituitary gland, which of the following symptoms related to kidney function does the patient display?
- A. Thirst
- B. Tiredness
- C. Weight gain
- D. Concentrated urine
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When the posterior pituitary gland is impaired, there is decreased secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). ADH plays a crucial role in regulating water reabsorption by the kidneys. A deficiency of ADH leads to the inability of the kidneys to concentrate urine, resulting in the production of dilute urine. Therefore, 'Concentrated urine' is the correct symptom associated with impaired posterior pituitary gland. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Thirst is more commonly associated with diabetes insipidus, tiredness could be a general symptom but not specifically related to kidney function, and weight gain is not a typical symptom of impaired posterior pituitary gland affecting kidney function.
2. Which of the following colligative properties refers to the elevation of the boiling point of a solution?
- A. Freezing point depression
- B. Vapor pressure lowering
- C. Osmotic pressure
- D. Boiling point elevation
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Boiling point elevation.' Boiling point elevation is a colligative property that describes the increase in the boiling point of a solvent when a non-volatile solute is added to it. This occurs because the presence of solute particles in the solvent lowers the vapor pressure of the solution, requiring a higher temperature to reach the same vapor pressure as the pure solvent. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Freezing point depression refers to the lowering of the freezing point of a solution, vapor pressure lowering is the reduction in vapor pressure due to the presence of solute particles, and osmotic pressure is the pressure required to prevent the flow of solvent molecules across a semipermeable membrane in osmosis.
3. Osteoporosis is a condition that leads to weakened bones and an increased risk of fractures. Which hormone plays a key role in bone health and is often affected in osteoporosis?
- A. Estrogen
- B. Testosterone
- C. Thyroid hormone
- D. Insulin
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Estrogen plays a crucial role in maintaining bone health by inhibiting bone resorption and promoting bone formation. In postmenopausal women, estrogen levels decrease, leading to an increased risk of osteoporosis due to accelerated bone loss. This hormonal imbalance contributes to weakened bones and an increased risk of fractures in individuals with osteoporosis. Testosterone and thyroid hormone do play roles in bone health, but estrogen has a more significant impact. Testosterone is more commonly associated with muscle mass and strength, while thyroid hormone regulates metabolism. Insulin is not directly involved in bone health and is not typically affected in osteoporosis.
4. What lab equipment would most likely be used to precisely measure the volume of a liquid solution?
- A. Flask
- B. Triple beam balance
- C. Graduated cylinder
- D. Test tube
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A graduated cylinder is the most suitable lab equipment for precisely measuring the volume of a liquid solution. Graduated cylinders are designed with calibrated markings that allow for accurate volume measurements of liquids. The other choices are not appropriate for measuring liquid volume: Flasks are used for mixing or storing liquids, triple beam balances are used for measuring mass, and test tubes are typically used for holding small amounts of substances during experiments.
5. What term refers to the mechanical act of breathing?
- A. Diffusion
- B. Perfusion
- C. Respiration
- D. Ventilation
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Ventilation is the correct answer as it specifically refers to the mechanical process of breathing air in and out of the lungs. Diffusion (choice A) is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration, not related to the mechanical act of breathing. Perfusion (choice B) is the process of blood flow through the tissues and organs, not directly related to breathing mechanically. Respiration (choice C) involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide at the cellular level, different from the mechanical act of breathing.
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