Nursing Elites

1. A certain exam has 30 questions. A student gets 1 point for each question answered correctly and loses half a point for each question answered incorrectly; no points are gained or lost for questions left blank. If x represents the number of questions a student answers correctly and y represents the number of questions left blank, which of the following expressions represents the student's score on the exam?

• A. x - y/2
• B. x - y
• C. 30 - (x + y)
• D. 30 - x - y/2

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The student's score is calculated by adding the points earned for correct answers (x) and subtracting the points lost for incorrect answers (y/2). Therefore, the expression for the student's score on the exam is x - y/2. Option A is correct because it accurately represents this calculation. Option B (x - y) is incorrect as it does not account for the penalty of losing half a point for each incorrect answer. Option C (30 - (x + y)) is incorrect as it subtracts the total number of questions from the sum of correct and blank answers, which does not represent the scoring system. Option D (30 - x - y/2) is also incorrect as it incorrectly subtracts x from 30 and then deducts y divided by 2, which is not the correct scoring method for the exam.

2. What defines rational and irrational numbers?

• A. Any number that can be expressed as a fraction; any number that cannot be expressed as a fraction
• B. Any number that terminates or repeats; any number that does not terminate or repeat
• C. Any whole number; any decimal
• D. Any terminating decimal; any repeating decimal

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rational numbers are those that can be written as a simple fraction, including whole numbers and decimals that either terminate or repeat. Irrational numbers, on the other hand, cannot be expressed as fractions. Choice B is incorrect because not all rational numbers necessarily terminate or repeat. Choice C is incorrect as it oversimplifies the concept of rational and irrational numbers by only considering whole numbers and decimals. Choice D is incorrect as it inaccurately defines rational and irrational numbers solely based on decimals terminating or repeating, excluding the broader category of fractions.

3. A patient requires a 30% increase in the dosage of their medication. Their current dosage is 270 mg. What will their dosage be after the increase?

• A. 81 mg
• B. 270 mg
• C. 300 mg
• D. 351 mg

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To calculate the 30% increase, find 30% of 270 mg: 0.30 x 270 mg = 81 mg. Add this increase to the original dosage: 270 mg + 81 mg = 351 mg. Therefore, the patient's dosage after the 30% increase will be 351 mg. Choice A (81 mg) is incorrect as it only represents the calculated increase, not the total dosage post-increase. Choice B (270 mg) is the original dosage and does not account for the 30% increase. Choice C (300 mg) is the original dosage plus 30 mg, not the correct calculation with a 30% increase.

4. What number is 6 equal to 30% of?

• A. 18
• B. 20
• C. 24
• D. 26

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To find the number that is 30% of 6, you can set up the equation 0.3x = 6. Solving for x gives x = 6 / 0.3 = 20. Therefore, 6 is equal to 30% of 20. Choice B, 20, is incorrect as it is the result of the calculation. Choice C, 24, and Choice D, 26, are incorrect as they are not the numbers that 6 is equal to 30% of.

5. Simplify the following expression: (1/4) × (3/5) ÷ 1 (1/8)

• A. 8/15
• B. 27/160
• C. 2/15
• D. 27/40

Correct answer: C

Rationale: First, convert the mixed number 1 (1/8) into an improper fraction: 1 (1/8) = 9/8. Now, simplify the expression: (1/4) × (3/5) ÷ (9/8). To divide by a fraction, multiply by its reciprocal: (1/4) × (3/5) × (8/9) = 24/180 = 2/15. Thus, the simplified expression is 2/15. Choice A (8/15) is incorrect because the correct answer is 2/15. Choice B (27/160) is incorrect as it is not the result of the given expression. Choice D (27/40) is incorrect as it does not match the simplified expression obtained.

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