how do the killer t cells recognize infected cells
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ATI TEAS 7

ATI TEAS Practice Science Test

1. How do killer T cells recognize infected cells?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Killer T cells recognize infected cells by detecting viral proteins displayed on the surface of these cells. The T cells possess receptors specifically designed to identify these viral proteins, allowing them to target and eliminate the infected cells. Choice A is incorrect because B cells are not directly involved in the recognition process of infected cells by killer T cells. Choice B is incorrect because tiny bits of the virus's RNA being left around the cell is not how killer T cells primarily recognize infected cells. Choice C is incorrect because while macrophages play a role in immune responses, they do not directly assist in the recognition of infected cells by killer T cells.

2. What is the work done by a force of 20 N acting on an object that moves 5 meters in the direction of the force?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The work done is calculated using the formula: Work = Force x Distance x cos(theta), where theta is the angle between the force and the direction of motion. In this case, the force and the direction of motion are in the same direction, so cos(theta) = 1. Therefore, Work = 20 N x 5 m x 1 = 100 Joules. Since the force and distance are given and are in the same direction, the work done can be directly calculated without needing to know the object's mass. Choice A, 100 Joules, is the correct answer as calculated. Choice B and C are incorrect as they do not correspond to the correct calculation. Choice D is incorrect because knowing the object's mass is not necessary to calculate work in this scenario, as work is dependent on force, distance, and the angle between them, not mass.

3. Which of the following correctly orders the route of a fetus during childbirth?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct route of a fetus during childbirth is from the uterus, through the cervix, and then out through the vagina. The contractions of the uterus help push the fetus through the cervix and out through the vaginal canal during childbirth. Choice B is incorrect as it reverses the order of the cervix and uterus. Choice C is incorrect as it includes the vas deferens, which is not part of the female reproductive system. Choice D is incorrect as it lists structures from the female reproductive system but in the wrong order for childbirth.

4. In a balanced chemical equation, the coefficients represent the:

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Number of elements.' In a balanced chemical equation, coefficients represent the ratio of moles of each species involved in the reaction. They indicate the relative number of molecules or formula units of each compound taking part in the reaction. Choice B, 'Ratio of reactants and products,' is incorrect because the coefficients in a balanced equation do not represent the ratio of reactants and products directly, but rather the stoichiometry of the reaction. Choice C, 'Physical state of the substances,' is incorrect because the physical states (solid, liquid, gas, or aqueous) are denoted with symbols next to the chemical formula, not the coefficients. Choice D, 'Rate of the reaction,' is incorrect as coefficients in a balanced equation do not provide information about the rate of the reaction, which is determined by factors like temperature, concentration, and catalysts.

5. Bile, stored in the gallbladder, aids in the digestion of which nutrient?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Bile, produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, aids in the digestion of fats. Bile emulsifies fats, breaking them down into smaller droplets to increase the efficiency of fat digestion by enzymes like lipase. This process enhances the absorption of fats in the small intestine, facilitating the body's utilization of essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins. Carbohydrates are primarily broken down by enzymes like amylase, proteins by pepsin and other proteases, and vitamins have varying digestion and absorption processes, which do not involve bile. Therefore, the correct answer is fats as they are directly influenced by bile in the digestion process.

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