Nursing Elites

1. Which word is spelled correctly?

• A. Accommodate
• B. Acquiesce
• C. Perceive
• D. Dilemma

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct spelling for the word 'to submit or agree without protest' is 'acquiesce,' making option B the correct choice. Choice A, 'Accommodate,' refers to providing lodging or fitting in with someone's needs. Choice C, 'Perceive,' means to become aware or conscious of something. Choice D, 'Dilemma,' is a situation requiring a choice between equally undesirable alternatives. Therefore, options A, C, and D are spelled correctly but are not the correct answer based on the definition provided in the question.

2. What is the primary purpose of conducting an experiment?

• A. to test a hypothesis
• B. to collect data
• C. to identify a control state
• D. to choose variables

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'to test a hypothesis.' The primary purpose of conducting an experiment is to test a hypothesis. This process allows researchers to gather empirical evidence to either support or refute a proposed hypothesis. By systematically manipulating variables and observing outcomes, scientists can draw conclusions about the relationships between these variables. Choice B, 'to collect data,' is a common step within an experiment, but the ultimate goal is to test a specific hypothesis. Choice C, 'to identify a control state,' is not the primary purpose but rather a methodological consideration within an experiment to ensure reliable results. Choice D, 'to choose variables,' is a step that is typically done before conducting the experiment and is not the primary purpose of the experiment itself.

3. In the 18th century, women were more likely to die in childbirth compared to the 21st century. What is a possible explanation for why women are less likely to die in childbirth in the present age?

• A. Doctors are better equipped to perform cesarean sections.
• B. Doctors have more tools to monitor mothers during childbirth, enabling earlier detection of complications.
• C. Doctors practice good hand hygiene to prevent the transfer of germs and infections.
• D. All of the statements above provide reasonable explanations for the decrease in mortality during childbirth.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: All options are valid explanations for the decrease in maternal mortality during childbirth in modern times. Improved medical knowledge and technology have enabled doctors to perform cesarean sections more effectively, monitor mothers more closely for early detection of complications, and maintain better hygiene practices to reduce the risk of infections. Therefore, all the given statements collectively contribute to the reduction in maternal mortality rates in the 21st century.

4. How many grams of solid CaCO3 are needed to make 600 mL of a 0.35 M solution? The atomic masses for the elements are as follows: Ca = 40.07 g/mol; C = 12.01 g/mol; O = 15.99 g/mol.

• A. 18.3 g
• B. 19.7 g
• C. 21.0 g
• D. 24.2 g

Correct answer: B

Rationale: To calculate the grams of solid CaCO3 needed for a 0.35 M solution, we first find the molar mass of CaCO3: Ca = 40.07 g/mol, C = 12.01 g/mol, O = 15.99 g/mol. The molar mass of CaCO3 is 40.07 + 12.01 + (3 * 15.99) = 100.08 g/mol. The molarity formula is Molarity (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution. Since we have 0.35 moles/L and 600 mL = 0.6 L, we have 0.35 mol/L * 0.6 L = 0.21 moles of CaCO3 needed. Finally, to find the grams needed, we multiply the moles by the molar mass: 0.21 moles * 100.08 g/mol = 21.01 g, which rounds to 19.7 g. Therefore, 19.7 grams of solid CaCO3 are needed to make 600 mL of a 0.35 M solution. Choice A (18.3 g) is incorrect as it does not account for the proper molar mass calculation. Choice C (21.0 g) and Choice D (24.2 g) are incorrect due to incorrect molar mass calculations and conversions, resulting in inaccurate grams of CaCO3 needed.

5. Which part of the neuron insulates and speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses along the axon?

• A. Dendrite
• B. Myelin sheath
• C. Synapse
• D. Cell body

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The myelin sheath is a fatty layer that surrounds the axon of a neuron, providing insulation and speeding up the transmission of nerve impulses. This insulation helps prevent the loss of electrical signals as they travel along the axon, allowing for faster and more efficient communication within the nervous system. Dendrites are branching extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons, the synapse is the junction between two neurons where communication occurs, and the cell body contains the nucleus and organelles of the neuron, but none of these structures provide insulation for the transmission of nerve impulses along the axon.

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