Nursing Elites

1. Which word choices will correctly complete the sentence? Increasing the price of bus fares has had a greater effect on ridership than expected.

• A. affect; then
• B. affect; than
• C. effect; then
• D. effect; than

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'effect; than.' In this sentence, 'effect' is the appropriate word to use as it signifies the result of increasing bus fares on ridership. Additionally, 'than' is the correct word for making a comparison. Choice A and B are incorrect as 'affect' is a verb, while 'effect' is the noun needed in this sentence. Choice C is incorrect as 'then' is used to indicate time or sequence, which is not suitable in this context.

2. Which sentence uses the subjunctive mood correctly?

• A. I wish I could have gone to the beach.
• B. If I were you, I would choose option B.
• C. He insisted that she stay home.
• D. Although it was raining, we decided to go for a walk.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Choice A uses the subjunctive mood correctly as it expresses a wish or hypothetical situation. The phrase 'I wish I could have gone to the beach' implies a desire to have done something in the past that did not happen, which aligns with the usage of the subjunctive mood. Choice B uses the past subjunctive 'were' correctly in the conditional statement 'If I were you,' which is a common usage as well. Choice C, 'He insisted that she stay home,' is also correct as it follows the rule that the base form of the verb is used after verbs like insist, demand, request, etc., in the subjunctive mood. Choice D, 'Although it was raining, we decided to go for a walk,' does not use the subjunctive mood. It is a complex sentence with a subordinate clause but lacks the specific mood required to fit the context.

3. Which of the following sentences correctly uses commas to set off a non-essential element?

• A. The teacher, who lives next door, will visit our class next week.
• B. The teacher who lives next door will visit our class next week.
• C. The teacher, who, by the way, lives next door, will visit our class next week.
• D. The teacher will visit our class next week, who lives next door.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. In this sentence, the phrase 'who lives next door' is a non-essential element providing additional information about the teacher. It is correctly set off by commas. Choice B does not use any commas to set off the non-essential element, making the information essential to the sentence. Choice C uses an unnecessary comma before 'who,' which disrupts the flow of the sentence. Choice D incorrectly places the non-essential element at the end of the sentence without appropriate commas, making it less clear and concise.

4. Which of the following options is correctly punctuated?

• A. The runaway truck, which had been parked on a steep hill, swerved and teetered before jumping a curb and slamming into a tree.
• B. The runaway truck which had been parked on a steep hill swerved and teetered before jumping a curb and slamming into a tree.
• C. The runaway truck, which had been parked on a steep hill, swerved and teetered before jumping a curb and slamming into a tree.
• D. The runaway truck which had been parked on a steep hill, swerved and teetered before jumping a curb and slamming into a tree.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The sentence correctly uses commas to set off the non-essential clause 'which had been parked on a steep hill.' The use of commas before and after the clause helps to distinguish it as additional information that could be omitted without changing the essential meaning of the sentence. Choices B, C, and D lack appropriate punctuation to set off the non-essential clause, making them incorrect. In these options, the absence of commas or the placement of commas incorrectly within the sentence affects the clarity and structure of the sentence, violating punctuation rules for non-essential clauses.

5. Identify the preposition in the following sentence: It's really hot in that room.

• A. It
• B. hot
• C. in
• D. that

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is "C: in." A preposition is a word that shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun to another word in the sentence. In this sentence, 'in' is the preposition, indicating the location of the heat relative to the room. Choices A, B, and D are not prepositions. 'It' is a pronoun, 'hot' is an adjective, and 'that' is a demonstrative pronoun in this context, not a preposition.

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