Nursing Elites

1. Which type of white blood cell directly attacks and destroys pathogens like bacteria and viruses?

• A. Neutrophils
• B. Lymphocytes
• C. Monocytes
• D. Eosinophils

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune system's response to infections. They are phagocytes, meaning they engulf and destroy pathogens like bacteria and viruses. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are known for their rapid response to infections, making them the primary cell type that directly attacks and destroys pathogens. Lymphocytes, although important in adaptive immunity, are not primarily responsible for directly attacking and destroying pathogens. Monocytes are involved in phagocytosis and immune response regulation but are not the primary cell type for direct pathogen destruction like neutrophils. Eosinophils are mainly involved in combating multicellular parasites and are not the primary cell type for targeting bacteria and viruses.

2. What is the term for a solution that has a higher concentration of solute compared to another solution?

• A. Saturated solution
• B. Unsaturated solution
• C. Dilute solution
• D. Concentrated solution

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, a concentrated solution. A concentrated solution contains a higher concentration of solute compared to another solution. This means there is a large amount of solute dissolved in the solvent, making it more concentrated than other solutions. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. A saturated solution is one in which no more solute can be dissolved at a given temperature, an unsaturated solution can dissolve more solute at the given conditions, and a dilute solution has a low concentration of solute relative to the solvent.

3. The endocrine system communicates through chemical messengers called:

• A. Enzymes
• B. Hormones
• C. Antibodies
• D. Neurons

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hormones. The endocrine system communicates through hormones, which are chemical messengers produced by glands and released into the bloodstream to target specific cells or organs in the body. Enzymes are biological molecules that catalyze biochemical reactions, antibodies are part of the immune system, and neurons are cells that transmit nerve impulses. In this context, enzymes, antibodies, and neurons do not play roles in the endocrine system's communication process, making them incorrect choices.

4. Which of the following best describes a balanced force acting on an object?

• A. The object remains at rest
• B. The object moves with constant velocity
• C. The object accelerates
• D. The object's mass changes

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a balanced force acts on an object, the net force is zero, resulting in no acceleration. This means that the object will continue to move with a constant velocity if it was already in motion or remain at rest if it was initially stationary. Choice A is incorrect because the object can also move with constant velocity. Choice C is incorrect as acceleration only occurs when an unbalanced force is applied. Choice D is incorrect as the mass of an object is not affected by the balance of forces acting on it.

5. What is the primary function of the strong nuclear force?

• A. Binding electrons in atomic orbitals
• B. Binding protons and neutrons within the nucleus
• C. Mediating the attractive force between opposite charges
• D. Mediating the repulsive force between like charges

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The strong nuclear force primarily functions to bind protons and neutrons within the nucleus. It is responsible for overcoming the electrostatic repulsion between positively charged protons, holding the nucleus together. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the strong nuclear force specifically acts on nucleons (protons and neutrons) within the nucleus, not on electrons in atomic orbitals or charges outside the nucleus.

Similar Questions