Nursing Elites

1. Which type of tissue connects muscles to bones?

• A. Ligaments
• B. Tendons
• C. Cartilage
• D. Muscles

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tendons. Tendons connect muscles to bones, not bones to muscles. They play a crucial role in transmitting the force generated by muscles to move bones, enabling movement. Ligaments (choice A) connect bones to bones, providing stability to joints. Cartilage (choice C) is a connective tissue found in joints, providing cushioning and flexibility. Muscles (choice D) are responsible for generating force through contraction but do not directly connect muscles to bones.

2. What is the pathway of deoxygenated blood in our body?

• A. From the lungs to the left ventricle
• B. From the body to the right atrium, then to the right ventricle, and finally to the lungs
• C. From the left atrium to the body
• D. From the aorta to the right atrium

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct pathway of deoxygenated blood in our body involves blood returning from the body, entering the right atrium, then passing to the right ventricle, and eventually reaching the lungs for oxygenation. This sequence ensures that deoxygenated blood is pumped to the lungs, where it receives oxygen and releases carbon dioxide before circulating back to the body. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not follow the actual path of deoxygenated blood in the circulatory system.

3. What are the three main types of blood vessels?

• A. Arteries, veins, capillaries
• B. Arteries, capillaries, bronchioles
• C. Veins, arteries, bronchioles
• D. Veins, arteries, alveoli

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Arteries, veins, capillaries. Arteries carry blood away from the heart, veins carry blood to the heart, and capillaries facilitate the exchange of gases and nutrients between the blood and tissues. Choice B is incorrect because bronchioles are not blood vessels but part of the respiratory system. Choice C is incorrect as it lists veins before arteries, which is not the standard order in anatomy. Choice D is incorrect as alveoli are small air sacs in the lungs, not blood vessels.

4. Which organ system is primarily responsible for transporting nutrients throughout the body?

• A. Respiratory
• B. Digestive
• C. Circulatory
• D. Nervous

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The circulatory system, also known as the cardiovascular system, is primarily responsible for transporting nutrients and oxygen throughout the body. The heart pumps blood through blood vessels, delivering essential nutrients to cells and tissues. This system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, working together to ensure the proper distribution of nutrients and removal of waste products. Choice A, the respiratory system, is responsible for gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide) and not primarily involved in nutrient transportation. Choice B, the digestive system, is responsible for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients but does not transport nutrients throughout the body. Choice D, the nervous system, controls and coordinates body functions through electrical signals and is not directly involved in nutrient transportation.

5. Which of the following statements about prions is TRUE?

• A. They are composed of proteins only
• B. They are easily destroyed by common disinfectants
• C. hey are a type of antibiotic
• D. They are a live organism

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A) This statement is true. Prions are infectious agents composed entirely of protein, lacking nucleic acids such as DNA or RNA. They are known for causing neurodegenerative diseases in animals and humans. B) This statement is false. Prions are not easily destroyed by common disinfectants due to their unique structure and resistance to conventional sterilization methods. C) This statement is false. Prions are not a type of antibiotic. They are a distinct class of infectious agents. D) This statement is false. Prions are not live organisms but rather misfolded proteins that can induce abnormal folding in normal proteins, leading to disease.

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