Nursing Elites

1. Which organ helps break down food by grinding it with your teeth?

• A. Stomach
• B. Esophagus
• C. Liver
• D. Mouth

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Mouth. The mouth is the organ that helps break down food by grinding it with your teeth. The process of chewing, also known as mastication, breaks down food into smaller pieces, making it easier to swallow and digest. The teeth in the mouth play a crucial role in this initial stage of digestion by physically breaking down food into smaller particles. The other options listed, such as the stomach, esophagus, and liver, do not directly participate in the mechanical breakdown of food through chewing. The stomach is responsible for further digestion through chemical processes, the esophagus is a muscular tube that helps transport food to the stomach, and the liver is primarily involved in metabolic functions and bile production.

2. Which property of a substance measures the amount of matter per unit volume?

• A. Density
• B. Mass
• C. Weight
• D. Volume

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Density is the property of a substance that measures the amount of matter per unit volume. It is calculated by dividing the mass of the substance by its volume. Mass refers to the amount of matter in an object, weight is the force of gravity acting on an object, and volume is the amount of space an object occupies. Density specifically quantifies how tightly packed the matter in a substance is, providing a measure of compactness or concentration of matter. Therefore, the correct answer is A, Density.

3. In the human skeleton, which of the following lists some of the vertebrae in descending order?

• A. Atlas, axis, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx.
• B. Axis, sacral, coccyx, atlas, lumbar, thoracic.
• C. Thoracic, sacral, lumbar, axis, coccyx, atlas.
• D. Coccyx, lumbar, axis, sacral, thoracic, atlas.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct order of some of the vertebrae in the human skeleton in descending order is Atlas, Axis, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral, Coccyx. This sequence follows the typical arrangement from the top of the spine down towards the pelvis. Choice B is incorrect as it does not follow the descending order of vertebrae. Choice C is incorrect as it starts with Thoracic which is not the first vertebra in the descending order. Choice D is incorrect as it starts with Coccyx which is the last vertebra in the descending order.

4. In nuclear physics, the term 'magic number' refers to specific numbers of protons or neutrons that contribute to:

• A. Increased nuclear instability
• B. Enhanced radioactive decay rates
• C. Exceptional stability of the nucleus
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In nuclear physics, the term 'magic number' refers to specific numbers of protons or neutrons that lead to exceptional stability of the nucleus. These 'magic numbers' correspond to completely filled nuclear energy levels, resulting in increased stability rather than instability. Choice A, 'Increased nuclear instability,' is incorrect as magic numbers actually contribute to stability. Choice B, 'Enhanced radioactive decay rates,' is also incorrect as magic numbers do not affect decay rates but rather stability. Therefore, the correct answer is choice C, as magic numbers contribute to the exceptional stability of the nucleus.

5. What is the functional group present in aldehydes?

• A. Hydroxyl
• B. Carbonyl
• C. Ester
• D. Amine

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Carbonyl. Aldehydes contain the functional group -CHO, which is a carbonyl group where a carbon atom is double-bonded to an oxygen atom and single-bonded to a hydrogen atom. This distinguishes aldehydes from other functional groups. Choice A, Hydroxyl (-OH), is not characteristic of aldehydes as it is found in alcohols. Choice C, Ester (-COOR), and choice D, Amine (-NH2), represent different functional groups not typically found in aldehydes. Therefore, the correct functional group present in aldehydes is the carbonyl group.

Similar Questions