Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is NOT a function of the cardiovascular system?

• A. Transporting oxygen to cells
• B. Maintaining blood pressure
• C. Carrying waste products to the kidneys for removal
• D. Initiating the immune response

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The cardiovascular system is responsible for transporting oxygen to cells (A), maintaining blood pressure (B), and carrying waste products to the kidneys for removal (C). Initiating the immune response (D) is not a function of the cardiovascular system. The immune response is primarily carried out by the immune system, which includes organs like the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes. Therefore, option D is the correct answer as it pertains to a function outside the scope of the cardiovascular system, making it the odd one out among the given choices.

2. Which part of the brain generates the rhythmic electrical activity responsible for brain waves?

• A. Cerebrum
• B. Thalamus
• C. Hypothalamus
• D. Reticular formation

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The reticular formation is a network of neurons located in the brainstem that plays a crucial role in regulating arousal and consciousness. It generates the rhythmic electrical activity responsible for brain waves, which are measured using electroencephalography (EEG). The cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus do not primarily generate brain waves; they have other specialized functions within the brain. The cerebrum is responsible for higher brain functions such as thinking and voluntary movements. The thalamus acts as a relay station for sensory information. The hypothalamus is involved in various functions such as regulating body temperature, hunger, and hormonal activities.

3. Which functional group is commonly found in ketones?

• A. Hydroxyl
• B. Carbonyl
• C. Ester
• D. Amine

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Ketones contain a carbonyl functional group, which consists of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom. This distinguishes ketones from other functional groups such as hydroxyl, ester, and amine. The presence of the carbonyl group, not hydroxyl (choice A), ester (choice C), or amine (choice D), is characteristic of ketones, making choice B, 'Carbonyl', the correct answer.

4. Which protein complex in the sarcomere is responsible for the thick filament?

• A. Actin
• B. Myosin
• C. Tropomyosin
• D. Troponin

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Myosin is the protein complex responsible for the thick filament in the sarcomere. It interacts with actin, another protein in the sarcomere, to generate the sliding movement that results in muscle contraction. Actin is a thin filament protein that interacts with myosin to create the sliding filament mechanism. Tropomyosin and troponin are regulatory proteins that regulate muscle contraction by controlling the interaction between actin and myosin, rather than directly being responsible for the thick filament.

5. What is the significance of cell division?

• A. Growth and repair of tissues
• B. Sexual reproduction
• C. Genetic diversity
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Cell division is a fundamental process that serves multiple critical functions in living organisms. It is essential for the growth and repair of tissues by enabling the formation of new cells to replace old or damaged ones. Moreover, cell division plays a pivotal role in sexual reproduction as it is involved in the production of gametes necessary for fertilization. Additionally, cell division contributes to genetic diversity through processes like meiosis, which leads to the formation of genetically distinct gametes. Therefore, the correct answer is D, 'All of the above,' as cell division is significant for growth, repair, sexual reproduction, and genetic diversity. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they each represent only one aspect of the significance of cell division, whereas the correct answer encompasses all the essential roles that cell division plays in living organisms.

Similar Questions