Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following statements best summarizes the central purpose of this text?

• A. Gulliver details his experiences and interactions with the natives of the new land.
• B. Gulliver observes the unique customs and traditions of the society he encounters.
• C. Gulliver becomes acquainted with the people and practices of his new surroundings.
• D. Gulliver reflects on the cultural differences between his homeland and the new land.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the text describes how Gulliver becomes familiar with the customs and practices of the new society he finds himself in. He interacts with the natives, learns their language, and participates in their shows, indicating his growing understanding and acceptance of the new culture. Choice A is incorrect because the text goes beyond detailing his experiences to focus on his growing familiarity with the society. Choice B is incorrect because Gulliver not only observes but actively engages with the customs. Choice D is incorrect as the focus is on Gulliver's adaptation rather than reflecting on cultural differences.

2. Which aspect of writing engages and connects with the audience, igniting emotion?

• A. Ethos
• B. Logos
• C. Pathos
• D. Kairos

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'Pathos.' Pathos refers to the emotional appeal in writing that aims to engage and connect with the audience's emotions. In the provided extract, Charles Dickens appeals to the emotions of the working men and their families, expressing his earnest hope for their involvement in the Mechanic's Institution. Ethos (choice A) relates to ethical appeal, establishing credibility. Logos (choice B) refers to logical appeal, using reason and evidence. Kairos (choice D) pertains to the timeliness or relevance of an argument, considering the opportune moment for persuasion. In this context, Dickens employs pathos to emotionally connect with the audience and convey his message effectively.

3. Which of the following choices introduces a specific claim and distinguishes it from counterclaims?

• A. Is texting while driving really a critical safety issue? Are all kinds of distracted driving created equal? What can be said about the nature of distracted driving among teenagers?
• B. It's true that distracted driving is dangerous. There may be nothing more dangerous than texting while driving. Texting while driving has resulted in more than 15,000 deaths and over 200,000 injuries. The majority of texting drivers are teens, although other age groups have been implicated.
• C. Texting while driving is one of the key issues facing young people today: it's a fact that texting drivers have killed over 16,000 people between 2002 and
• D. While some argue that texting while driving is just one form of distracted driving, it stands out as particularly hazardous due to the level of focus it diverts from the road. Studies show that drivers who text are 23 times more likely to be involved in an accident compared to other forms of distracted driving.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Choice B introduces a specific claim that texting while driving is extremely dangerous by stating that 'there may be nothing more dangerous than texting while driving' and supports this claim with statistics on the number of deaths and injuries caused by texting while driving. It further emphasizes the impact by mentioning that the majority of texting drivers are teens. This approach of providing specific evidence helps to distinguish the claim from counterclaims and strengthens the argument. Choices A, C, and D do not introduce a specific claim supported by factual evidence and fail to distinguish it from potential counterclaims, making them less effective in presenting a strong argument.

4. Assuming this statement is true, which of the answer choices is a logical conclusion?

• A. Whole language is more effective at teaching people to read than phonics.
• B. Phonics is more effective at teaching people to read than whole language.
• C. Literacy rates will probably continue to decline over the next 15 years.
• D. The definition of what it means to be literate is much stricter now.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: If we consider the information provided in the extract that literacy rates were higher when phonics was predominantly used and have declined since whole language programs became more popular, it logically follows that phonics is more effective at teaching people to read than whole language. Choice A is incorrect as the extract suggests the opposite. Choice C cannot be concluded based on the information provided; it is an assumption beyond the scope of the data. Choice D is also unrelated to the information given and does not logically follow from the provided statement.

5. What does Lady Bracknell's interrogation of Jack reveal about the nature of marriage in the society Wilde is critiquing?

• A. It shows that marriage is based on love and personal choice.
• B. It reveals that marriage is a serious, thoughtful decision.
• C. It illustrates that marriage is more about social standing and wealth than love.
• D. It suggests that marriage is an outdated institution.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Lady Bracknell's interrogation of Jack regarding his suitability as a husband for her daughter Gwendolen reveals that marriage in the society depicted in the play is more about wealth and social status than love. This is evident as Lady Bracknell places great emphasis on Jack's financial background, social connections, and suitability as a match based on these criteria. Choice A is incorrect because Lady Bracknell's focus is not on love or personal choice but on societal expectations and status. Choice B is incorrect as the interrogation highlights superficial considerations rather than portraying marriage as a serious, thoughtful decision. Choice D is also incorrect as the play does not suggest that marriage is outdated, but rather emphasizes its transactional and societal nature in the context of the aristocratic society being critiqued.

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