Nursing Elites

1. Leaping to the saddle, his horse bolted.

• A. His horse bolted as he leaped to the saddle.
• B. When he leaped to the saddle, his horse bolted.
• C. His horse bolted, he leaped to the saddle.
• D. He leaped to the saddle, his horse bolted.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Option B, 'When he leaped to the saddle, his horse bolted,' effectively removes the dangling modifier by clearly connecting the action of the subject ('he leaped to the saddle') with the consequence ('his horse bolted'). This restructuring ensures that the sentence is stylistically and logically clear. Choice A changes the order of the actions, which alters the original meaning. Choice C incorrectly places 'he leaped to the saddle' after 'His horse bolted,' leading to confusion. Choice D does not address the dangling modifier issue and maintains the original error in sentence structure.

2. Based on the following passage, which of the following scenarios is correct?

• A. The writer is a professional in a business environment.
• B. The writer is a researcher writing for a scientific journal.
• C. The writer is a student writing a first draft of a paper.
• D. The writer is an author of literature.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The passage uses precise, technical language typical of scientific writing, indicating the writer is a researcher. Choice A is incorrect as the passage does not reflect a business context. Choice C is incorrect as there is no indication that the writer is a student or in an academic setting. Choice D is incorrect as the content of the passage does not align with literature or creative writing.

3. Identify the type of clause in the sentence 'When the clock struck midnight, the magic began.'

• A. Main clause
• B. Subordinate clause
• C. Appositive clause
• D. Noun clause

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The clause 'When the clock struck midnight' is a subordinate clause because it does not express a complete thought on its own and depends on the main clause 'the magic began' to form a complete sentence. Subordinate clauses typically begin with subordinating conjunctions like 'when,' 'if,' 'because,' etc., and serve to provide additional information or context to the main clause. Choice A, 'Main clause,' is incorrect because the highlighted clause is not the primary clause that provides the main idea. Choice C, 'Appositive clause,' is incorrect as an appositive clause renames or explains a noun in the sentence, which is not the case here. Choice D, 'Noun clause,' is incorrect as a noun clause functions as a noun within a sentence, and the highlighted clause does not act as a noun but rather as a dependent clause providing contextual information.

4. The professor explained the concept clearly. What is the past participle of the verb 'explain'?

• A. explains
• B. explaining
• C. explained
• D. explanation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The past participle of a verb is used to form various tenses and passive voice constructions. In this case, 'explained' is the correct past participle form of the verb 'explain'. The sentence structure indicates a completed action in the past, which aligns with the use of the past participle. Choice A, 'explains,' is the present tense form of the verb, not the past participle. Choice B, 'explaining,' is the present participle form of the verb, not the past participle. Choice D, 'explanation,' is a noun derived from the verb 'explain,' not the past participle form of the verb itself.

5. Which of the following is a complex sentence?

• A. When skywriting, a pilot flies a small aircraft in specific, particular formations, creating large letters visible from the ground.
• B. The public defense attorney was able to maintain her optimism despite her dearth of courtroom wins, her lack of free time, and her growing list of clients.
• C. Because the distance between stars in the galaxy is far greater than the distance between planets, interstellar travel is expected to be an even bigger challenge than interplanetary exploration.
• D. Invented in France in the early nineteenth century, the stethoscope underwent a number of reiterations before the emergence of the modern form of the instrument in the 1850s.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A complex sentence has one independent clause and at least one dependent clause connected by a subordinating conjunction or a relative pronoun. In choice C, the sentence 'Because the distance between stars in the galaxy is far greater than the distance between planets' is a dependent clause introduced by the subordinating conjunction 'Because,' while the rest of the sentence 'interstellar travel is expected to be an even bigger challenge than interplanetary exploration' forms the independent clause. This combination of an independent clause and a dependent clause makes choice C a complex sentence. Choices A, B, and D do not contain both an independent and dependent clause connected in the way that choice C does, thus they do not qualify as complex sentences.

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