which of the following processes describes the conversion of glucose to pyruvic acid during glycolysis

ATI TEAS 7

Practice Science TEAS Test

1. Which of the following processes describes the conversion of glucose to pyruvic acid during glycolysis?

A. Glycogenesis
B. Glycolysis
C. Glycogenolysis
D. Gluconeogenesis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Glycolysis. Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway where glucose is broken down to produce pyruvic acid and ATP, generating energy in the form of ATP. Glycogenesis (choice A) is the process of glycogen synthesis, Glycogenolysis (choice C) is the breakdown of glycogen to release glucose, and Gluconeogenesis (choice D) is the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources. Therefore, during glycolysis, glucose is converted into pyruvic acid, which is a crucial step in energy production.

2. What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of (1x10^{-9}) M?

A. 5
B. 7
C. 9
D. 11

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The pH of a solution can be calculated using the formula: pH = -log[H+]. Given that the hydrogen ion concentration is $1 \times 10^{-9}$ M, the pH can be calculated as pH = -log(1 x 10^-9) = 9. Therefore, the correct answer is C) 9.

3. What is the name for the process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells?

A. Meiosis
B. Mitosis
C. Fission
D. Binary fission

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Mitosis is the correct process by which a cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells. Meiosis involves two rounds of cell division resulting in four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Fission refers to the division of a single-celled organism into two separate organisms, while binary fission specifically describes the division of prokaryotic cells. Therefore, the correct answer is Mitosis as it accurately represents the process of a cell dividing into two daughter cells.

4. What is the temperature of 35°C in Kelvin?

A. 220
B. 238
C. 308
D. 345

Correct answer: C

Rationale: To convert Celsius to Kelvin, add 273.15 to the Celsius temperature. In this case, 35°C + 273.15 = 308.15 K. Therefore, the correct answer is 308 K. Choice A (220) is incorrect as it does not account for adding 273.15 to convert to Kelvin. Choice B (238) is incorrect as it is not the result of adding 273.15 to 35°C. Choice D (345) is incorrect as it is not the correct conversion of 35°C to Kelvin.

5. Smooth muscle is the only ____________ muscle in the body.

A. Voluntary, striated
B. Involuntary, non-striated
C. Involuntary, striated
D. Voluntary, non-striated

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Smooth muscle is the only involuntary, non-striated muscle type in the body. It is found in organs like the intestines and blood vessels, where it controls movements without conscious effort. Choice A is incorrect because voluntary muscles are under conscious control, while smooth muscle is involuntary. Choice C is incorrect because striations are not present in smooth muscle, unlike skeletal muscle. Choice D is incorrect because smooth muscle is not voluntary and lacks striations, making it different from skeletal muscle.