which of the following molecules is a monosaccharide

ATI TEAS 7

Practice Science TEAS Test

1. Which of the following molecules is a monosaccharide?

A. Starch
B. Glucose
C. Cellulose
D. Sucrose

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Starch is a polysaccharide, not a monosaccharide, making choice A incorrect. Glucose, choice B, is the correct answer as it is a monosaccharide, the simplest form of sugar. Cellulose, choice C, is a polysaccharide like starch, not a monosaccharide. Sucrose, choice D, is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose, not a monosaccharide. Glucose, being a monosaccharide, is a single sugar unit that serves as a primary energy source for living organisms.

2. Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood back to the heart?

A. Pulmonary vein
B. Pulmonary artery
C. Aorta
D. Superior vena cava

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The corrected question is asking for a blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood back to the heart. The pulmonary vein is the correct choice as it carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart during systemic circulation. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation. The aorta is the main artery that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body. The superior vena cava returns deoxygenated blood from the upper body back to the heart.

3. Which of the following is a function of the large intestine?

A. Absorption of water
B. Production of vitamin K
C. Production of vitamin B
D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'All of the above.' The large intestine performs various functions, including the absorption of water, production of vitamin K, and production of some B vitamins. Water absorption is a crucial function of the large intestine, helping to concentrate waste material into feces. Additionally, the large intestine hosts beneficial bacteria that produce vitamin K and some B vitamins, which are absorbed into the body. Choices A, B, and C individually represent specific functions of the large intestine, while choice D correctly encompasses all these functions, making it the most comprehensive and accurate answer.

4. What property of a wave determines its speed in a given medium?

A. Amplitude
B. Wavelength
C. Frequency
D. Medium's properties

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The speed of a wave in a given medium is determined by the properties of that medium, such as its density and elasticity. While amplitude, wavelength, and frequency are important characteristics of a wave, they do not directly impact its speed in a specific medium. Amplitude refers to the maximum displacement of particles in a wave, wavelength is the distance between two successive points in a wave that are in phase, and frequency is the number of complete oscillations a wave makes in a given time. However, these properties do not dictate the speed of a wave in a particular medium. Therefore, the correct answer is the medium's properties.

5. Which of the following terms refers to the process of breaking large molecules into smaller molecules to provide energy?

A. Metabolism
B. Bioenergetics
C. Anabolism
D. Catabolism

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D: Catabolism.' Catabolism specifically involves breaking down large molecules into smaller ones to release energy. It is the opposite of anabolism, which is the process of building larger molecules from smaller ones. 'Metabolism' (choice A) is a broader term that encompasses all chemical processes in an organism, including anabolism and catabolism. 'Bioenergetics' (choice B) refers to the flow and transformation of energy in a biological system, not specifically the breakdown of molecules for energy.