Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is the best summary sentence for the passage?

• A. Composers such as Alexander Glazunov, Sergei Prokofiev, and Igor Stravinsky studied under Rimsky-Korsakov.
• B. Despite their lack of formal training and their unorthodox approach to producing classical music, The Five had an influence that reached far beyond their time.
• C. They were known as 'The Five': a group of Russian musicians who eschewed rigidly formal classical training and set out on their own to give a new artistic sound to classical music in Russia.
• D. Mily Balakirev and Cesar Cui are considered the founders of the movement, but the three who later joined them have become far more famous and respected outside, and perhaps even inside, of Russia.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Answer choice B best summarizes the main point of the passage by highlighting the significant influence of The Five, a group of Russian musicians who diverged from traditional classical training, on classical music in Russia and beyond. The passage emphasizes how despite their unconventional methods and lack of formal training, The Five had a lasting impact that extended far beyond their era. It showcases the group's influence on classical music history, making choice B the most appropriate summary. Choices A, C, and D do not capture the central theme of the passage, which revolves around The Five's unique approach and lasting impact, unlike choice B.

2. The style of this passage is most like that found in a(n)

• A. tourist guidebook
• B. health textbook
• C. encyclopedia
• D. friendly letter

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The style of the given passage is most similar to that found in a health textbook. The author presents facts and details in a structured bulleted list format, focusing on providing tips and information about eating calcium-rich foods. This style is commonly used in educational materials related to health and nutrition, making choice B the most appropriate among the options provided. Choice A, a tourist guidebook, is incorrect as the passage does not aim to guide or provide information about touristic locations. Choice C, an encyclopedia, is also incorrect as an encyclopedia typically provides comprehensive and in-depth information on various topics, which is not reflected in the passage. Choice D, a friendly letter, is incorrect as the passage does not contain personal or conversational elements that are characteristic of a friendly letter.

3. Which of the following best expresses the meaning of "intelligence (instinct)" in the context of this passage?

• A. Instinct is synonymous with intelligence in the passage.
• B. Intelligence and instinct are not clearly distinct in the context.
• C. Instinct is a natural ability to perform actions without learned behavior.
• D. Instinct refers to an animal's natural survival mechanism.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Instinct refers to natural, unlearned behaviors, particularly in survival and reproduction.

4. What is the first step to take after planting potatoes?

• A. Mound soil around the base of the plant.
• B. Water immediately.
• C. Mix fertilizer or compost into loosened soil.
• D. Place potatoes 1 foot apart.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Water immediately. After planting potatoes, the first step should always be to water them immediately. This is crucial to settle the soil around the newly planted potatoes, ensuring good contact between the roots and the soil. Watering helps kickstart the growth process and provides the necessary moisture for the newly planted potatoes to establish themselves successfully. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because mounding soil, mixing fertilizer/compost, and spacing potatoes should be done before or during planting, not immediately after.

5. Which of the following, if true, would most seriously undermine the explanation proposed by the author in Passage I, third paragraph?

• A. An instance of lethal force in self-defense is not absolutely absolved from blame. The law takes into account the necessary use of force at the time it is committed.
• B. An individual who uses necessary defense under lethal force is in direct compliance with the law under most circumstances.
• C. Lethal force in self-defense should not be forgiven in all cases for the peace of mind of the primary victim.
• D. The use of lethal force is not evaluated based on the intent of the user, but rather the severity of the primary attack that warranted self-defense.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the author in Passage I discusses the concept of lethal force in self-defense being justified and absolved from blame when used as a last resort to prevent severe harm or death. Choice A undermines this by stating that an instance of lethal force in self-defense is not absolutely absolved from blame and highlights that the law considers the necessary use of force at the time it is committed. This challenges the absolute justification of such actions and would seriously undermine the author's argument. Choice B is incorrect because compliance with the law does not necessarily address the justification and absolution of lethal force. Choice C is incorrect as forgiving lethal force in all cases is not the focus of the author's argument. Choice D is incorrect because the intent of the user is a crucial factor in evaluating the use of lethal force, contrary to what is stated.

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