Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is an opinion, rather than a historical fact, expressed by the author?

• A. Leif Erikson was definitely the son of Erik the Red.
• B. Leif Erikson's crew called the land Vinland.
• C. Leif Erikson deserves more credit for his accomplishments.
• D. Leif Erikson explored the Americas nearly five hundred years before Columbus.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The statement 'Leif Erikson deserves more credit for his accomplishments' is an opinion rather than a historical fact. Historical facts can be verified through evidence and documentation, while opinions are subjective viewpoints. Choices A, B, and D provide historical facts about Leif Erikson's lineage, the name given to the land he discovered, and his exploration, respectively, which can be supported by historical records and research.

2. Why are italics used in the sentence, 'Although Ben said he supported his coworkers, his actions suggested he did not condone their behavior'?

• A. to show a word is intentionally misspelled
• B. to indicate a word in a foreign language
• C. to emphasize a contrast
• D. to reference a footnote

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Italics are often used in writing to draw attention to specific words or phrases, especially in cases where there is a contrast or emphasis intended. In this sentence, the use of italics on 'supported' and 'condone' helps highlight the contradiction between Ben's words and actions, emphasizing the contrast between what he said and what he actually did. Choice A is incorrect because italics are not used to indicate intentional misspellings in this context. Choice B is incorrect as italics are not used to indicate foreign words in this sentence. Choice D is incorrect as there is no mention of footnotes in the sentence.

3. What is the best definition of the underlined word in the selection below, taken from the third paragraph of the passage? 'You should try to be aware of your consumption of water and energy.'

• A. Using the greatest amount
• B. Illness of the lungs
• C. Using the least amount
• D. Depletion of goods

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In this context, 'consumption' refers to the use or depletion of resources like water and energy. It is not about using the greatest amount (choice A) or the least amount (choice C) but about being mindful of how much you use to avoid depletion. 'Illness of the lungs' (choice B) is completely unrelated to the context of resource conservation discussed in the passage.

4. When evaluating the credibility of research sources, which of the following is a valid consideration?

• A. It is credible if published in a peer-reviewed scholarly journal.
• B. It is never credible if it is a source published online.
• C. It is not necessarily more credible based on author affiliations.
• D. The number of times a source is cited does not affect its credibility.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. It is credible if published in a peer-reviewed scholarly journal because peer review ensures that the research has been evaluated by experts in the field for quality and accuracy before publication. This process enhances the credibility of the research source. Choice B is incorrect because not all online sources are unreliable; credibility depends on various factors beyond the publication medium. Choice C is incorrect because author affiliations can indeed impact credibility, but they are not the sole determinant. Choice D is incorrect as the frequency of citations can indicate the impact of a source but does not guarantee its credibility.

5. According to the passage, what health issue can result from alcohol abuse?

• A. poor magnesium absorption.
• B. an impairment of kidney function.
• C. compromise of the immune system.
• D. gastrointestinal disorders.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, compromise of the immune system. The passage states that alcohol abuse can weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections and illnesses. This compromise of the immune system can lead to various health issues and exacerbate existing conditions. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect based on the passage. While the passage discusses the impact of alcohol abuse on magnesium absorption and kidney function, it does not directly attribute these issues to alcohol abuse. Gastrointestinal disorders are mentioned in relation to magnesium absorption but are not specifically linked to alcohol abuse.

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