Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following best summarizes the central theme of Wilde's play?

• A. The absurdity of the British aristocracy and its social conventions.
• B. The importance of being sincere and honest in personal relationships.
• C. The dual nature of social standing and the conflicts it creates.
• D. The challenges of maintaining personal integrity in a hypocritical society.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'The absurdity of the British aristocracy and its social conventions.' The central theme of Wilde's play, as revealed through satire, is the critique of the absurdities and trivialities of the British aristocracy. Wilde uses clever dialogue, puns, and irony to expose the superficiality and hypocrisy of the upper classes. While sincerity and honesty in personal relationships are explored in the play, they are not the central theme. Choice C, the dual nature of social standing and resulting conflicts, is a partial theme but not the central one. Choice D, the challenges of maintaining personal integrity in a hypocritical society, touches on a theme present in the play, but it is not as central as the critique of the British aristocracy's absurdities and social conventions.

2. Which best describes the meaning of the word decay as used in this passage?

• A. To decompose
• B. To shrink
• C. To wither
• D. To deteriorate

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In the context provided, 'decay' implies a gradual deterioration or breaking down over time. It does not specifically refer to decomposing, shrinking, or withering. Therefore, the correct answer is 'To deteriorate.' 'To decompose' is incorrect as it refers to the breakdown of organic matter, 'To shrink' is incorrect as it means to become smaller, and 'To wither' is incorrect as it means to dry up or wilt, none of which fully capture the meaning of decay in this context.

3. According to the passage, what effect does encountering an automobile with eighteen wheels have on the hypothesis 'All automobiles have only four wheels'?

• A. It proves the hypothesis.
• B. It raises the hypothesis's probability.
• C. It disproves the hypothesis.
• D. It decreases the hypothesis's probability.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Encountering an automobile with eighteen wheels contradicts the hypothesis that all automobiles have only four wheels. This contradicts the initial hypothesis, proving it to be false. The passage explains that when evidence disproves a hypothesis, it directly contradicts the hypothesis, leading to its disproof. In the context of the monkey example provided, encountering a hairless monkey out of many hairy monkeys disproved the hypothesis 'All monkeys are hairy.' Therefore, the presence of an automobile with eighteen wheels disproves the hypothesis that all automobiles have only four wheels. Other choices are incorrect because encountering such an automobile directly contradicts the initial hypothesis, leading to its disproof, rather than proving it, raising its probability, or decreasing its probability.

4. The author's purpose, major ideas, supporting details, visual aids, and vocabulary are the five key elements of what type of text?

• A. Fictional texts
• B. Narratives
• C. Persuasive texts
• D. Informational texts

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The author's purpose, major ideas, supporting details, visual aids, and vocabulary are key elements typically found in informational texts. Informational texts aim to inform and educate readers about a specific topic, which is why these elements are crucial for effectively conveying information in a clear and organized manner. Fictional texts focus more on storytelling and creativity rather than presenting facts and information, so they do not always include these specific elements. Narratives primarily focus on telling a story or recounting events, while persuasive texts aim to convince or sway the audience's opinion, so they may not always encompass all the elements mentioned in the question.

5. Which of the following is a primary source?

• A. A critic's summary of a book on Abraham Lincoln.
• B. A peer-reviewed scientific journal's table of contents.
• C. A gene splicing study report with data.
• D. A news article quoting research into curing cancer.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. A gene splicing study report with data is a primary source because it provides original research findings. In contrast, choice A is a secondary source as it involves a critic's interpretation of a book. Choice B, the table of contents of a peer-reviewed scientific journal, is not a primary source but a tertiary source, providing a summary of articles. Choice D, a news article quoting research, is a secondary source that presents information based on primary sources rather than the original research itself.

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