which of the following is an example of an organ

ATI TEAS 7

Practice TEAS Science Test

1. Which of the following is an example of an organ?

A. Skin
B. Neuron
C. Brainstem
D. DNA

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, 'Skin.' The skin is the largest organ in the human body and consists of multiple tissue types working together to perform various functions such as protection, sensation, and temperature regulation. Choice B, 'Neuron,' is a specialized cell in the nervous system and not an organ. Choice C, 'Brainstem,' is a part of the central nervous system composed of nerve tissues but is not an organ on its own. Choice D, 'DNA,' is a molecule that carries genetic instructions, not an organ.

2. What potential consequences can chromosomal nondisjunction have on offspring?

A. Down syndrome, caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.
B. Turner syndrome, characterized by the absence of one X chromosome in females.
C. Klinefelter syndrome, featuring one or more extra X chromosomes in males.
D. All of the above.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: - Chromosomal nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate properly during cell division, leading to an abnormal number of chromosomes in the resulting cells. - Down syndrome is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21, resulting from nondisjunction during meiosis. Individuals with Down syndrome have three copies of chromosome 21 instead of the usual two. - Turner syndrome is characterized by the absence of one X chromosome in females, leading to a variety of physical and developmental features. - Klinefelter syndrome features one or more extra X chromosomes in males, typically resulting in infertility and other physical characteristics. Therefore, chromosomal nondisjunction can lead to various genetic disorders such as Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, and Klinefelter syndrome, making option D the correct answer.

3. What is the term for the distance between the center of a lens or curved mirror and its focal point?

A. Aperture
B. Focal length
C. Refractive index
D. Lens thickness

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Focal length. Focal length is the distance between the center of a lens or curved mirror and its focal point. It determines how strongly the lens converges or diverges light, affecting the image formation. Aperture, choice A, refers to the opening through which light enters the lens, controlling the amount of light passing through. Refractive index, choice C, measures how much light bends when passing through a medium, affecting the speed of light. Lens thickness, choice D, is the physical dimension of the lens, influencing optical properties and compatibility with frames.

4. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for the 'rest and digest' response, promoting relaxation and conservation of energy?

A. Sympathetic nervous system
B. Parasympathetic nervous system
C. Somatic nervous system
D. Central nervous system

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Parasympathetic nervous system. The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for the 'rest and digest' response, promoting relaxation, conserving energy, and facilitating activities like digestion and lowering heart rate. The sympathetic nervous system, which is not the correct answer, triggers the 'fight or flight' response, preparing the body for stressful situations by increasing heart rate, dilating airways, and releasing adrenaline. The somatic nervous system (choice C) controls voluntary movements, not the autonomic functions related to 'rest and digest.' The central nervous system (choice D) includes the brain and spinal cord and is not specifically involved in the autonomic regulation of bodily functions like the 'rest and digest' response.

5. Which of the following is most different from the others?

A. Thyroid gland
B. Stomach
C. Intestines
D. Pancreas

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, 'Stomach.' The stomach is an organ of the digestive system responsible for breaking down food through mechanical and chemical digestion. In contrast, the thyroid, intestines, and pancreas are glands. The thyroid gland regulates metabolism through hormone secretion, the intestines aid in digestion and nutrient absorption, and the pancreas secretes digestive enzymes and hormones. Therefore, the stomach is functionally different from the other options as it is an organ involved in digestion, while the others are glands with specific secretory functions.