Nursing Elites

1. What energy transformation occurs when a guitar string vibrates to produce sound?

• A. Mechanical energy to thermal energy
• B. Kinetic energy to potential energy
• C. Electrical energy to sound energy
• D. Potential energy to kinetic energy

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. When a guitar string vibrates to produce sound, the energy transformation that occurs is from potential energy (stored energy in the string when it is stretched) to kinetic energy (energy of motion as the string vibrates back and forth). As the string vibrates, its kinetic energy is transferred to the surrounding air molecules, producing sound energy. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Choice A, mechanical energy to thermal energy, does not align with the energy transformation involved in producing sound from a vibrating guitar string. Choice B, kinetic energy to potential energy, is the opposite of what happens when a guitar string vibrates. Choice C, electrical energy to sound energy, is not relevant to the energy conversion process in this scenario.

2. How does the acceleration of an object change if the force acting on it is doubled?

• A. Acceleration is halved
• B. Acceleration doubles
• C. Acceleration remains unchanged
• D. Acceleration quadruples

Correct answer: B

Rationale: According to Newton's second law of motion, acceleration is directly proportional to the force acting on an object. When the force acting on an object is doubled, the acceleration of the object will also double. This relationship is described by the formula F = ma, where F is the force applied, m is the mass of the object, and a is the acceleration. Therefore, an increase in force will result in a proportional increase in acceleration. Choice A is incorrect because acceleration does not halve but doubles when force doubles. Choice C is incorrect as acceleration changes in direct proportion to force. Choice D is incorrect as acceleration does not quadruple but doubles when force doubles.

3. Which type of reaction typically undergoes condensation reactions?

• A. Catabolism
• B. Anabolism
• C. Exothermic
• D. Endothermic

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'B: Anabolism.' Anabolic reactions typically involve condensation reactions, where smaller molecules are joined together to form larger molecules by releasing water as a byproduct. This process is fundamental in the synthesis of complex molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids. Choice A, 'Catabolism,' involves decomposition reactions where larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones, which is the opposite of condensation reactions. Choices C and D, 'Exothermic' and 'Endothermic,' refer to the heat exchange during a reaction and are not directly related to the process of condensation reactions.

4. What is a primary function of red blood cells?

• A. To fight infection
• B. To carry oxygen
• C. To produce antibodies
• D. To transport waste

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The main function of red blood cells is to carry oxygen from the lungs to all the body's tissues and organs, where it is needed for cellular functions and metabolism. This process is essential for sustaining life and providing energy to cells. Choice A is incorrect because fighting infection is primarily done by white blood cells. Choice C is incorrect because antibody production is mainly carried out by specialized white blood cells. Choice D is incorrect as the primary role of red blood cells is not to transport waste, but rather to transport oxygen and some carbon dioxide.

5. What is the formula to calculate gravitational potential energy near the Earth's surface?

• A. Potential Energy = Mass × Acceleration
• B. Potential Energy = Force × Distance
• C. Potential Energy = Mass × Height × Gravity
• D. Potential Energy = Mass × Acceleration due to gravity × Height

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct formula to calculate gravitational potential energy near the Earth's surface is Potential Energy = Mass × Acceleration due to gravity × Height. This formula considers the mass of the object, the specific acceleration due to gravity near the Earth's surface (approximately 9.81 m/s^2), and the vertical distance from the reference point. Choice A is incorrect as it does not include height in the formula. Choice B is incorrect as it involves force instead of acceleration due to gravity. Choice C is incorrect as it multiplies mass, height, and gravity, missing the actual acceleration due to gravity term.

Similar Questions