Nursing Elites

1. Which element is used in semiconductors like computer chips and solar panels?

• A. Germanium
• B. Silicon
• C. Gallium
• D. Arsenic

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Silicon is the correct answer. Silicon is widely used in semiconductors for electronic applications because of its unique properties that allow it to be manipulated to conduct or not conduct electricity effectively. Germanium is also used in semiconductors but to a lesser extent compared to silicon. Gallium and arsenic are not as commonly used in semiconductors like computer chips and solar panels, making them incorrect choices for this question.

2. Which gland located in the neck is responsible for regulating metabolism, growth, and development?

• A. Parathyroid gland
• B. Thyroid gland
• C. Pituitary gland
• D. Thymus gland

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The thyroid gland, located in the neck, is responsible for regulating metabolism, growth, and development. It produces hormones such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) that play a crucial role in these functions. The parathyroid gland regulates calcium levels, the pituitary gland controls various hormonal functions, and the thymus gland is involved in immune system development. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they have different functions compared to the thyroid gland.

3. Which of the following enzymes unwinds the double-stranded DNA during replication?

• A. Helicase
• B. Ligase
• C. Nuclease
• D. Polymerase

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Helicase is the enzyme responsible for unwinding the double-stranded DNA during replication by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the base pairs. This process creates the replication fork where DNA polymerase can then synthesize new DNA strands. Ligase functions to join Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand, not unwind DNA. Nuclease is involved in DNA repair by removing damaged DNA segments. Polymerase is responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands based on the existing template strands, not for unwinding the DNA.

4. What is a major structure of the limbic system?

• A. Brainstem
• B. Spinal cord
• C. Hypothalamus
• D. Cerebral cortex

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is a significant structure of the limbic system responsible for regulating various functions such as emotions, autonomic functions, and hormone production. It plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and orchestrating responses to stress and emotional stimuli. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. The brainstem, although a vital part of the brain, is not a major structure of the limbic system. The spinal cord is not part of the limbic system; it is primarily involved in transmitting sensory and motor information between the brain and the rest of the body. The cerebral cortex is responsible for higher cognitive functions but is not a major structure within the limbic system.

5. When is a solution considered saturated?

• A. More solute cannot be dissolved
• B. The solvent starts to evaporate
• C. The solution becomes cloudy
• D. It reaches a specific temperature

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A solution is considered saturated when it has dissolved the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at a given temperature. At this point, adding more solute will not result in further dissolution, indicating that the solution is saturated. The other choices are incorrect because the solvent evaporating or the solution becoming cloudy are not definitive indicators of a saturated solution. Additionally, reaching a specific temperature does not determine saturation, as the solubility of a solute can vary with temperature. Therefore, the correct answer is that more solute cannot be dissolved in a saturated solution.

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