Nursing Elites

1. Where does fertilization, the fusion of sperm and egg, typically occur in the human body?

• A. Ovary
• B. Uterus
• C. Fallopian tube
• D. Vagina

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Fertilization typically occurs in the fallopian tube. This is where the sperm and egg meet and fuse to form a zygote. The fallopian tube provides the optimal environment for fertilization as it helps in the transportation of the egg and provides a suitable site for fertilization before the resulting embryo travels to the uterus for implantation. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. The ovary is where eggs are produced, the uterus is where the fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus, and the vagina is the canal that leads to the cervix, but fertilization itself does not occur in these locations.

2. Which of the following is an example of a weak acid?

• A. Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
• B. Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
• C. Acetic acid (CH3COOH)
• D. Nitric acid (HNO3)

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is Acetic acid (CH3COOH) because it is a weak acid that only partially dissociates in water, resulting in a lower concentration of H+ ions compared to strong acids like hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and nitric acid (HNO3) which completely dissociate in water. Weak acids do not fully ionize in water, leading to a lower concentration of H+ ions in solution. Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid are strong acids that completely dissociate in water, producing a higher concentration of H+ ions. Therefore, they are not examples of weak acids.

3. An atom has 2 protons, 4 neutrons, and 2 electrons. What is the approximate atomic mass of this atom?

• A. 2
• B. 4
• C. 6
• D. 8

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The atomic mass of an atom is the sum of the protons and neutrons in its nucleus. In this case, the atom has 2 protons and 4 neutrons, totaling 6 particles in the nucleus. Therefore, the approximate atomic mass of this atom is 6, making choice C incorrect. The number of electrons does not significantly contribute to the atomic mass, as they are much lighter and located in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not reflect the correct calculation of atomic mass based on protons and neutrons only.

4. Which of the following is a cluster of capillaries that functions as the main filter of the blood entering the kidney?

• A. The Bowman's capsule
• B. The Loop of Henle
• C. The glomerulus
• D. The nephron

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, the glomerulus. The glomerulus is a cluster of capillaries in the kidney responsible for filtering blood as it enters the nephron. It plays a crucial role in the initial stages of urine formation by filtering waste products and excess substances from the blood. Choice A, the Bowman's capsule, is incorrect as it surrounds the glomerulus and captures the filtrate. Choice B, the Loop of Henle, is incorrect as it is part of the nephron responsible for water reabsorption. Choice D, the nephron, is incorrect as it comprises the functional unit of the kidney and includes the glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, and other structures.

5. What term describes the point where parallel rays of light converge or appear to diverge after passing through a lens or reflecting off a mirror?

• A. Aperture
• B. Focal length
• C. Refractive index
• D. Lens thickness

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Focal length.' Focal length is the term used to describe the point where parallel rays of light converge or appear to diverge after passing through a lens or reflecting off a mirror. It is a critical parameter in optics that determines the magnification and image formation in optical systems. Aperture refers to the opening through which light enters a camera or telescope, not the convergence point of light rays. Refractive index is a measure of how much light is bent, not the point where rays converge. Lens thickness is the physical dimension of a lens and does not indicate the convergence point of light rays. Therefore, 'Focal length' is the most appropriate choice in this context.

Similar Questions