Nursing Elites

1. What is the name for the process where a solid changes directly into a gas?

• A. Evaporation
• B. Sublimation
• C. Condensation
• D. Melting

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Sublimation is the process by which a solid directly transforms into a gas without passing through the liquid phase. This occurs when the atmospheric pressure is lower than the vapor pressure of the solid, causing it to transition to a gas state. Choice A, evaporation, is the process where a liquid changes into a gas, not a solid. Choice C, condensation, is the opposite process where gas changes into a liquid. Choice D, melting, is the process where a solid changes into a liquid, not a gas.

2. What is the monomer for nucleic acids?

• A. Nucleotide
• B. Amino acid
• C. Phosphate group
• D. Ribosome

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Nucleotide. Nucleotides are indeed the monomers that make up nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. They consist of a sugar molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. Amino acids are the monomers of proteins, not nucleic acids. While the phosphate group is a component of nucleotides, it is not the sole monomer. Ribosome is a cellular organelle involved in protein synthesis and is not a monomer for nucleic acids.

3. What is the primary function of the endocrine system?

• A. To fight infection
• B. To transport oxygen
• C. To regulate body functions through hormones
• D. To break down food

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'To regulate body functions through hormones.' The endocrine system is responsible for producing and secreting hormones that help regulate various body functions such as growth, metabolism, reproduction, and mood. It does not primarily function to fight infection (A), transport oxygen (B), or break down food (D). While the immune system fights infection, the respiratory system transports oxygen, and the digestive system breaks down food, the main role of the endocrine system is to maintain homeostasis by coordinating and controlling bodily functions through the release of hormones.

4. What is the role of the hypothalamus in the body?

• A. To regulate digestion
• B. To regulate hormones
• C. To regulate body temperature
• D. To regulate the immune system

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To regulate hormones.' The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in regulating hormones and maintaining homeostasis by controlling various functions such as hunger, thirst, body temperature, and sleep-wake cycles. While digestion, body temperature, and the immune system are important bodily functions, they are not primarily controlled by the hypothalamus. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately represent the primary function of the hypothalamus.

5. Which of the following is the best unit to measure the amount of blood in the human body?

• A. Ounces
• B. Liters
• C. Milliliters
• D. Pounds

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Liters are the best unit to measure the amount of blood in the human body because blood volume is typically measured in liters in the medical field. Using liters provides a standardized and accurate measurement of the significant amount of blood in the human body, which is typically around 5-6 liters for an average-sized adult. Other units like ounces, milliliters, and pounds are not commonly used to measure blood volume in clinical settings. Ounces are too small a unit for measuring blood volume, milliliters are less commonly used in this context compared to liters, and pounds are a unit of weight rather than volume.

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