when is work done by a force on an object

ATI TEAS 7

TEAS 7 practice test science

1. When is work done by a force on an object?

A. Only when the object moves in the direction of the force
B. Only when the object moves against the force
C. Only when the object moves vertically
D. Only when the force is applied for a specific duration

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Work is done by a force on an object when the object moves in the direction of the force. This is because work is defined as the product of the force applied to an object and the distance over which the force is applied. When the object moves in the direction of the force, the force contributes to the displacement of the object, resulting in work being done. If the object moves perpendicular to the force, no work is done because the force does not contribute to the displacement. Moving against the force also results in work being done as the force is causing the displacement. The vertical movement of the object does not determine whether work is done; it is the alignment of the force with the object's displacement that matters. The duration of force application does not impact whether work is done; as long as the force causes the object to move in its direction, work is being done.

2. What is the formula for calculating the volume of a solid object?

A. V = W/L
B. V = L x W x H
C. V = W/H
D. V = L/W

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct formula for calculating the volume of a solid object is V = L x W x H, where L represents the length, W represents the width, and H represents the height. Choice A (V = W/L) is incorrect as it represents a division operation, not multiplication. Choice C (V = W/H) is incorrect as it does not account for the width and height. Choice D (V = L/W) is incorrect as it represents the inverse operation of what is needed to calculate volume.

3. Which of the following best describes the process of osmosis?

A. Movement of molecules against their concentration gradient
B. Movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane
C. Movement of water and solutes together
D. Movement of large molecules through a membrane

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Osmosis is the process where water moves across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration. Choice A is incorrect because osmosis does not involve movement against the concentration gradient. Choice C is incorrect because osmosis primarily involves the movement of water, not water and solutes together. Choice D is incorrect as osmosis specifically refers to the movement of water molecules, not large molecules, through a membrane.

4. In which of the following situations is a citation needed?

A. A professor teaches a concept from a book she wrote.
B. A speaker recites an original poem.
C. A student quotes song lyrics to support his point.
D. A writer states a well-known and accepted fact.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. A citation is necessary when using someone else's work, such as song lyrics, to support an argument in academic writing. In options A, B, and D, there is no need for a citation. Option A involves the professor teaching her own work, so no external citation is required. Option B refers to an original work by the speaker, which does not require citation. Option D mentions a well-known and accepted fact, which generally does not need a citation in academic writing.

5. Which of the following is NOT a function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

A. Synthesis of lipids (fats)
B. Transport of materials within the cell
C. Detoxification of harmful substances
D. Breakdown of cellular waste products

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is not involved in the breakdown of cellular waste products; this function is primarily carried out by lysosomes. The ER is responsible for the synthesis of lipids (fats), transport of materials within the cell, and detoxification of harmful substances. Lysosomes are the organelles responsible for breaking down cellular waste products through processes like autophagy. Therefore, option D is the correct answer as it does not align with the known functions of the endoplasmic reticulum.