Nursing Elites

1. What is the term for a hydrocarbon chain with no double or triple bonds between carbon atoms?

• A. Saturated
• B. Unsaturated
• C. Aromatic
• D. Alkene

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A saturated hydrocarbon chain contains only single bonds between carbon atoms, making it 'saturated' with hydrogen atoms. Therefore, the correct answer is choice A, 'Saturated.' Choice B, 'Unsaturated,' is incorrect because it refers to hydrocarbon chains with double or triple bonds. Choice C, 'Aromatic,' is not the correct term for a hydrocarbon chain without double or triple bonds; it describes a specific type of cyclic and conjugated hydrocarbon structure. Choice D, 'Alkene,' is also incorrect as it specifically indicates a hydrocarbon chain with at least one double bond between carbon atoms.

2. What is the role of enzymes in the body?

• A. To transport oxygen
• B. To speed up chemical reactions
• C. To regulate body temperature
• D. To store energy

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Enzymes act as biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body. They lower the activation energy required for reactions to occur, thus facilitating processes like digestion, metabolism, and other essential functions. Choice A is incorrect as the transportation of oxygen is primarily carried out by red blood cells. Choice C is incorrect as the regulation of body temperature involves mechanisms such as sweating and shivering. Choice D is incorrect as energy storage is mainly performed by molecules like glycogen and triglycerides.

3. Which of the following is NOT a property of a catalyst?

• A. Increases the rate of a reaction
• B. Remains unchanged after the reaction
• C. Lowers the activation energy
• D. Creates new products

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. It remains unchanged after the reaction, which eliminates option B. A catalyst works by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur, which eliminates option C. A catalyst does not create new products in a reaction; it only facilitates the conversion of reactants into products more efficiently. Therefore, option D is NOT a property of a catalyst.

4. Which of the statements reflect information that one could reasonably infer based on the author's tone?

• A. The author's tone is persuasive and attempts to call the audience to action.
• B. The author's tone is passionate due to excitement over the subject and personal narrative.
• C. The author's tone is informative and exhibits interest in the subject of the study.
• D. The author's tone is somber, depicting some anger at the state of insect larvae.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The statement 'The author's tone is persuasive and attempts to call the audience to action' reflects information that one could reasonably infer based on the author's tone. The use of persuasive language and an attempt to call the audience to action suggests that the author is trying to convince or motivate the readers to take a specific course of action. This inference is based on the author's choice of words and the overall tone of the text. Choice B is incorrect as it introduces the idea of excitement and personal narrative, which are not clearly indicated in the author's tone. Choice C is incorrect as although the author may be informative, the focus is on persuasive language rather than merely providing information. Choice D is incorrect as it introduces emotions like anger and somberness, which are not explicitly conveyed in the author's tone.

5. What happens to the internal energy of a system when it performs work on its surroundings?

• A. It increases.
• B. It decreases.
• C. It remains the same.
• D. Insufficient information.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a system performs work on its surroundings, it loses energy in the form of work done. This results in a decrease in the internal energy of the system. Work done by the system is considered as negative work, leading to a decrease in internal energy. Therefore, the correct answer is that the internal energy decreases when a system performs work on its surroundings. Choice A is incorrect as the internal energy decreases, not increases. Choice C is incorrect because the internal energy changes due to the work done. Choice D is incorrect because the information provided is sufficient to determine the change in internal energy.

Similar Questions