Nursing Elites

1. What is the scientific term for the monthly cycle in females that prepares the body for potential pregnancy?

• A. Ovulation cycle
• B. Menstrual cycle
• C. Implantation cycle
• D. Gestation cycle

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Menstrual cycle. The menstrual cycle is the scientific term for the monthly cycle in females that prepares the body for potential pregnancy. This cycle involves various phases, including the release of an egg from the ovary (ovulation), thickening of the uterine lining in preparation for a fertilized egg, and shedding of the uterine lining if pregnancy does not occur (menstruation). Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Option A, Ovulation cycle, only refers to the specific phase of egg release from the ovary. Option C, Implantation cycle, pertains to the process of the fertilized egg attaching to the uterine wall. Option D, Gestation cycle, denotes the period of fetal development during pregnancy, which is distinct from the monthly cycle preparing the body for potential pregnancy.

2. What is kwashiorkor, a protein deficiency disease, characterized by?

• A. Muscle wasting
• B. Night blindness
• C. Scurvy
• D. Rickets

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Kwashiorkor is a severe acute malnutrition condition resulting from insufficient dietary protein intake. It is characterized by symptoms such as edema, skin lesions, an enlarged liver with fatty infiltrates, and notably, muscle wasting. Muscle wasting occurs as the body breaks down muscle tissue to obtain essential amino acids for vital functions. Night blindness (option B) is associated with vitamin A deficiency, scurvy (option C) results from a lack of vitamin C, and rickets (option D) is caused by a deficiency in vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate.

3. Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?

• A. Axon
• B. Dendrite
• C. Synapse
• D. Myelin sheath

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Dendrite. Dendrites are the part of the neuron that receive signals from other neurons and transmit them to the cell body. Axons transmit signals away from the cell body, synapse is the junction between neurons where neurotransmitters are released, and myelin sheath is a fatty layer that insulates and speeds up signal conduction along the axon. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect in the context of receiving signals from other neurons.

4. What is the correct way to represent 8,600,000,000,000 in scientific notation with two significant figures?

• A. 8.6 x 10^12
• B. 8.6 x 10^-12
• C. 8.6 x 10^11
• D. 8.60 x 10^12

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct way to represent 8,600,000,000,000 in scientific notation with two significant figures is 8.6 x 10^12. Scientific notation involves expressing a number as a decimal (with one non-zero digit before the decimal point) multiplied by a power of 10. In this case, 8,600,000,000,000 is correctly written as 8.6 x 10^12 to maintain two significant figures and the appropriate magnitude. Choice B (8.6 x 10^-12) is incorrect as it represents a very small number due to the negative exponent. Choice C (8.6 x 10^11) is incorrect as it does not account for the magnitude of the original number. Choice D (8.60 x 10^12) is incorrect because it unnecessarily adds a zero after the decimal point, which is not warranted by the original number's precision.

5. Which of the following is another name for a sweat gland?

• A. Ceruminous
• B. Sebaceous
• C. Sudoriferous
• D. Integumentary

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sudoriferous. Sudoriferous glands are commonly known as sweat glands and are responsible for producing perspiration to regulate body temperature. Ceruminous glands produce earwax, sebaceous glands produce sebum (oil), and 'Integumentary' refers to the integumentary system, which includes the skin, hair, and nails. Choice A, Ceruminous glands, are responsible for producing earwax, not sweat. Choice B, Sebaceous glands, produce sebum (oil) to lubricate the skin and hair. Choice D, Integumentary, refers to the integumentary system, not a specific type of gland.

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