Nursing Elites

1. What is the role of tRNA during protein synthesis?

• A. Carries amino acids to the ribosome
• B. Links nucleotides together
• C. Copies DNA sequences
• D. Replicates genetic material

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During protein synthesis, tRNA plays the crucial role of carrying amino acids to the ribosome. This process ensures that the correct amino acids are brought to the ribosome according to the mRNA sequence. Choice B, linking nucleotides together, refers to the role of RNA polymerase in transcription, not tRNA. Choice C, copying DNA sequences, is the function of DNA polymerase during DNA replication, while choice D, replicating genetic material, is an overarching function of DNA replication, not specific to tRNA's role in protein synthesis.

2. Tundra, savannas, grasslands, deserts, and rainforests are examples of what?

• A. Biomasses
• B. Biospheres
• C. Biodiversity
• D. Biomes

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Tundra, savannas, grasslands, deserts, and rainforests are examples of biomes. A biome is a large geographical area with similar climatic conditions and distinct flora and fauna. Each biome has its unique characteristics, such as temperature, precipitation levels, and types of vegetation, which define the ecosystem within that region. Biomasses refer to the total mass of living organisms in a given area, biospheres are the global ecological system integrating all living beings and their relationships, and biodiversity represents the variety of life forms in a specific habitat.

3. How many bones are included in the human skeletal system?

• A. 412
• B. 103
• C. Over 300
• D. 206

Correct answer: D

Rationale: There are 206 bones in the human skeletal system. This includes bones in the skull, spine, ribs, arms, legs, hands, and feet. The correct answer is 206 because that is the standard number of bones in an adult human body. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not reflect the accurate count of bones in the human skeletal system.

4. Why is it important for cells to undergo mitosis?

• A. mitosis allows for reproduction with male and female gametes
• B. mitosis increases variation within the species
• C. mitosis produces cells that are different from the parent cell
• D. mitosis produces cells for growth and repair of body tissue

Correct answer: D

Rationale: It is important for cells to undergo mitosis because it produces cells for the growth and repair of body tissues. Mitosis allows for the formation of genetically identical daughter cells, ensuring proper function and maintenance of the organism's body. By producing new cells, mitosis helps in the replenishment of damaged or worn-out tissue and supports overall growth and development. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because mitosis is not directly related to reproduction with male and female gametes, increasing variation within the species, or producing cells different from the parent cell. These functions are more associated with meiosis, which is specifically for sexual reproduction and genetic diversity.

5. Which of the following organisms would not have eukaryotic cells?

• A. Bacteria
• B. Dog
• C. Human
• D. Onion

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Bacteria. Bacteria do not have eukaryotic cells. They are single-celled organisms with prokaryotic cells. Dogs, humans, and onions are all multicellular organisms that possess eukaryotic cells. Therefore, choices B, C, and D have eukaryotic cells and are not the correct answer.

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