Nursing Elites

1. What is the role of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

• A. To carry carbon dioxide to the lungs
• B. To carry oxygen from the lungs to the body
• C. To regulate blood pressure
• D. To produce white blood cells

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Hemoglobin in red blood cells functions to carry oxygen from the lungs to tissues in the body. It binds to oxygen in the lungs and releases it to the body's cells, ensuring they have an adequate oxygen supply for metabolic processes. Choice A is incorrect because hemoglobin primarily carries oxygen, not carbon dioxide. Choice C is incorrect because hemoglobin's role is not related to blood pressure regulation. Choice D is incorrect because hemoglobin is not involved in the production of white blood cells.

2. Which organelle is responsible for carrying out photosynthesis in plant cells?

• A. Golgi apparatus
• B. Mitochondria
• C. Chloroplasts
• D. Lysosomes

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A) Golgi apparatus: The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion or for use within the cell. It is not involved in photosynthesis. B) Mitochondria: Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell and are responsible for generating energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration. They are not involved in photosynthesis. C) Chloroplasts: Chloroplasts are the organelles responsible for carrying out photosynthesis in plant cells. They contain chlorophyll, a pigment that captures light energy and converts it into chemical energy in the form of glucose. D) Lysosomes: Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles that contain digestive enzymes to break down waste materials and cellular debris. They are not involved in photosynthesis. Therefore, the correct answer is C) Chloroplasts, as they are specifically responsible for carrying out photosynthesis in plant

3. During embryonic development, all tissues originate from

• A. Epithelial tissue only
• B. Muscle tissue only
• C. Connective tissue only
• D. Embryonic germ layers

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During embryonic development, all tissues originate from the three primary germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. These germ layers give rise to various tissues and organs in the developing embryo through a process called gastrulation. Epithelial, muscle, and connective tissues are derived from these germ layers during development. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect as tissues do not originate from a single type of tissue but rather from the embryonic germ layers which differentiate into various tissues and organs.

4. Which of the following statements describes a chemical property of water?

• A. Water has a pH of 1.
• B. A water molecule contains 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom.
• C. A water molecule contains 2 oxygen atoms and 1 hydrogen atom.
• D. The chemical formula for water is HO.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because a water molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, which is a fundamental chemical property of water. The pH of water is not a property of the water molecule itself but rather a measure of its acidity or alkalinity. Choice C is incorrect as it describes a different molecule, not water. Choice D provides an incorrect chemical formula for water, which is H2O.

5. How do sweat glands help regulate body temperature?

• A. Producing sebum for lubrication
• B. Constricting blood vessels in the skin
• C. Releasing a watery fluid that evaporates for cooling
• D. Thickening the epidermis for insulation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Sweat glands play a vital role in regulating body temperature by releasing a watery fluid that evaporates from the skin's surface. This evaporation process helps cool the body down by dissipating heat, which is essential for maintaining a stable internal temperature. Choice A is incorrect because sweat glands do not produce sebum but rather a watery fluid. Choice B is incorrect because sweating itself does not involve the constriction of blood vessels; instead, it promotes heat loss through evaporation. Choice D is incorrect as sweat glands do not thicken the epidermis for insulation but rather facilitate the cooling process through sweat evaporation.

Similar Questions