how are the motor pathways of the ans arranged

ATI TEAS 7

ATI TEAS Science Practice Test

1. How are the motor pathways of the ANS arranged?

A. Single neuron from CNS to target organ
B. Two neurons, a pre-ganglionic and post-ganglionic neuron
C. Multiple neurons from CNS to target organ
D. Single neuron from CNS to peripheral ganglia

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The motor pathways of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) are organized with two neurons: a pre-ganglionic neuron that transmits the signal from the central nervous system (CNS) to a ganglion, and a post-ganglionic neuron that conveys the signal from the ganglion to the target organ. This dual-neuron pathway enables the integration and modulation of signals before reaching the target organ, allowing for a more sophisticated and adaptable control system. Choice A is incorrect as it describes a single neuron pathway, which is not characteristic of ANS motor pathways. Choice C is incorrect as it suggests multiple neurons from the CNS to the target organ, which is not the typical arrangement. Choice D is incorrect as it describes a single neuron pathway from the CNS to peripheral ganglia, which does not account for the ganglionic transmission in ANS motor pathways.

2. A rocket blasts off from Earth. What is the main force propelling the rocket upwards?

A. Gravitational force
B. Air resistance
C. Thrust from the rocket engine
D. Normal force from the launchpad

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The main force propelling the rocket upwards is the thrust from the rocket engine. Thrust is the force produced by the rocket engine pushing exhaust gases in the opposite direction, following Newton's third law of motion (action and reaction). This thrust overcomes the force of gravity and allows the rocket to lift off and move upwards. Choice A, gravitational force, is incorrect as gravity pulls objects towards the Earth, and in this case, the rocket is moving against gravity. Choice B, air resistance, is incorrect because it opposes the motion of the rocket and is more relevant during descent rather than ascent. Choice D, normal force from the launchpad, is incorrect as this force acts perpendicular to the surface and does not propel the rocket upwards.

3. Is 0.25 mg equal to 250 mcg?

A. TRUE
B. FALSE
C. Sometimes
D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: TRUE. 0.25 mg is indeed equal to 250 mcg. This conversion is obtained by multiplying 0.25 mg by 1000 to convert it to micrograms. In pharmaceuticals, it is crucial to understand and convert between different dosage units accurately. Choice B is incorrect as the two quantities are equivalent. Choice C, 'Sometimes,' is misleading as the conversion from milligrams to micrograms follows a consistent ratio. Choice D, 'None of the above,' is incorrect as there is a definitive equivalence between the provided quantities.

4. During which phase of the cell cycle does cytokinesis typically occur?

A. Interphase
B. Mitosis
C. Meiosis
D. G2 phase

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Cytokinesis is the process of dividing the cytoplasm of a cell into two daughter cells after the nucleus has divided during mitosis. In the cell cycle, cytokinesis typically occurs at the end of the mitotic phase, following the separation of the duplicated chromosomes into two identical sets in the daughter nuclei. Interphase (option A) is the phase where the cell grows, carries out its normal functions, and prepares for cell division, but cytokinesis does not occur during this phase. Meiosis (option C) is a specialized type of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms to produce gametes, and cytokinesis occurs at the end of meiosis II, not meiosis I. G2 phase (option D) is the phase of the cell cycle following DNA replication in S phase and preceding mitosis, where the cell prepares for cell division, but cytokinesis occurs during mitosis, not in the G2 phase.

5. Where is the abdominopelvic cavity in relation to the thoracic cavity?

A. Dorsal
B. Ventral
C. Superior
D. Inferior

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The abdominopelvic cavity is located inferior to the thoracic cavity. The thoracic cavity contains organs like the heart and lungs, while the abdominopelvic cavity includes the abdomen and pelvis regions. Therefore, the correct answer is D, as the abdominopelvic cavity is positioned below (inferior to) the thoracic cavity. Choice A (Dorsal) is incorrect as it refers to the backside of the body. Choice B (Ventral) is incorrect as it refers to the front side of the body. Choice C (Superior) is incorrect as it indicates a position above the thoracic cavity, which is not the case.