Nursing Elites

1. What is the purpose of an electrocardiogram?

• A. Indicate the rate of blood flow
• B. Display the heart's rate and rhythm
• C. Identify a person's blood group type
• D. Determine cell type in a blood sample

Correct answer: B

Rationale: An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is used to measure and display the heart's rate and rhythm. It provides valuable information about the electrical activity of the heart, allowing healthcare providers to assess the heart's health, detect abnormalities in the heart's rhythm, and diagnose various cardiac conditions. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Choice A is incorrect because an ECG does not indicate the rate of blood flow but rather focuses on the heart's electrical activity. Choice C is incorrect because identifying a person's blood group type is typically done through blood typing tests, not ECG. Choice D is incorrect because determining cell type in a blood sample is unrelated to the purpose of an ECG.

2. Which dome-shaped muscular structure separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity?

• A. Diaphragm
• B. Sternum
• C. Pericardium
• D. Trachea

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The diaphragm is the correct answer. It is a dome-shaped muscular structure that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity. The diaphragm plays a crucial role in breathing by contracting and relaxing to change thoracic volume during inhalation and exhalation. The sternum is a flat bone in the center of the chest and is not the structure that separates the chest and abdominal cavities. The pericardium is a membrane that surrounds the heart, not involved in separating cavities. The trachea is the windpipe that connects the larynx to the bronchi and is not the structure that separates the chest and abdominal cavities.

3. Which of the following glands is responsible for regulating metabolism?

• A. Thymus
• B. Pituitary
• C. Pancreas
• D. Thyroid

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Thyroid. The thyroid gland is responsible for regulating metabolism by producing thyroid hormones. These hormones play a crucial role in controlling various metabolic processes in the body, including energy production and utilization. Choice A, Thymus, is not responsible for regulating metabolism but plays a role in the immune system. Choice B, Pituitary, regulates various hormones but not specifically focused on metabolism. Choice C, Pancreas, is involved in insulin production and blood sugar regulation but is not primarily responsible for regulating metabolism.

4. What does the term 'electron configuration' refer to in relation to an atom?

• A. The arrangement of electrons in an atom's orbitals.
• B. The number of protons in an atom's nucleus.
• C. The number of neutrons in an atom's nucleus.
• D. The number of electrons in an atom's valence shell.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The electron configuration of an atom refers to the arrangement of electrons in the atom's orbitals. This arrangement determines the atom's chemical properties and behavior. The number of protons in an atom's nucleus (option B) is known as the atomic number, which defines the element. The number of neutrons in an atom's nucleus (option C) contributes to the atom's mass number. The number of electrons in an atom's valence shell (option D) is important for understanding the atom's reactivity and bonding behavior, but the electron configuration specifically refers to how electrons are distributed among the different orbitals in an atom.

5. When unpolarized light passes through a polarizing filter, the intensity of the transmitted light is:

• A. Completely absorbed
• B. Reduced by half
• C. Unaffected
• D. Doubled

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When unpolarized light passes through a polarizing filter, the filter only allows light waves oscillating in a specific direction to pass through while blocking light waves oscillating in other directions. Since unpolarized light consists of light waves oscillating in all possible directions, when it passes through a polarizing filter, only half of the light waves (those oscillating in the direction allowed by the filter) are transmitted. As a result, the intensity of the transmitted light is reduced by half. Choice A is incorrect because the light is not completely absorbed; choice C is incorrect because the polarizing filter affects the transmitted light; and choice D is incorrect because the intensity does not double, but rather decreases by half due to the selective transmission of light waves in a specific direction by the polarizing filter.

Similar Questions