Nursing Elites

1. What is the primary function of the stomach in the digestive system?

• A. To absorb nutrients
• B. To break down proteins
• C. To neutralize stomach acid
• D. To regulate body temperature

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To break down proteins.' The primary function of the stomach in the digestive system is to break down proteins using gastric acid and enzymes. The stomach's acidic environment aids in protein digestion and prepares food for further processing in the small intestine. Choice A is incorrect because nutrient absorption primarily occurs in the small intestine, not the stomach. Choice C is incorrect because the stomach actually produces stomach acid to aid in digestion, not to neutralize it. Choice D is incorrect because regulating body temperature is not a primary function of the stomach within the digestive system.

2. What is the functional group present in aldehydes?

• A. Hydroxyl
• B. Carbonyl
• C. Ester
• D. Amine

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Carbonyl. Aldehydes contain the functional group -CHO, which is a carbonyl group where a carbon atom is double-bonded to an oxygen atom and single-bonded to a hydrogen atom. This distinguishes aldehydes from other functional groups. Choice A, Hydroxyl (-OH), is not characteristic of aldehydes as it is found in alcohols. Choice C, Ester (-COOR), and choice D, Amine (-NH2), represent different functional groups not typically found in aldehydes. Therefore, the correct functional group present in aldehydes is the carbonyl group.

3. What is the general formula for an alkene?

• A. CnH2n+2
• B. CnH2n
• C. CnH2n-2
• D. CnH2n+1

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The general formula for an alkene is \(C_nH_{2n}\), indicating the presence of a double bond between carbon atoms.

4. Which statement accurately describes the electron cloud model of the atom?

• A. Electrons precisely orbit the nucleus in defined paths.
• B. Electrons occupy specific energy levels around the nucleus with varying probabilities.
• C. Electrons are clustered tightly within the nucleus.
• D. Electrons move randomly throughout the entire atom.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The electron cloud model of the atom describes electrons as occupying specific energy levels around the nucleus with varying probabilities. This model does not suggest that electrons precisely orbit in defined paths as stated in option A. It acknowledges the wave-like behavior of electrons and their uncertainty in position, which is not accounted for in options C and D. Option C is incorrect as electrons are not clustered tightly within the nucleus but exist in the space surrounding the nucleus. Option D is incorrect as electrons do not move randomly throughout the entire atom but have specific probabilities of being found in different regions based on their energy levels. Therefore, option B is the most accurate description of the electron cloud model of the atom.

5. Tissues are groups of cells with similar:

• A. Appearance only
• B. Function and structure
• C. Location only
• D. Age only

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Tissues are groups of cells that work together to perform a specific function. They have similar structures that enable them to carry out their specialized functions effectively. Therefore, tissues are defined by both their function and structure, making option B the correct choice. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because tissues are not solely defined by their appearance, location, or age, but rather by the shared function and structure of the cells within them.

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