Nursing Elites

1. What is the monomer for nucleic acids?

• A. Nucleotide
• B. Amino acid
• C. Phosphate group
• D. Ribosome

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Nucleotide. Nucleotides are indeed the monomers that make up nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. They consist of a sugar molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. Amino acids are the monomers of proteins, not nucleic acids. While the phosphate group is a component of nucleotides, it is not the sole monomer. Ribosome is a cellular organelle involved in protein synthesis and is not a monomer for nucleic acids.

2. What term describes the front of the body, for example, the kneecap?

• A. Posterior
• B. Anterior
• C. Superior
• D. Inferior

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'B: Anterior.' In anatomy, 'anterior' refers to the front of the body, like the kneecap. On the other hand, 'posterior' describes the back of the body. Choices 'C: Superior' and 'D: Inferior' relate to structures being above or below a reference point, respectively, and are not used to describe the front or back of the body. Therefore, 'Anterior' is the most appropriate term given the context provided in the question.

3. What is the primary function of platelets in the blood?

• A. To carry oxygen
• B. To clot blood
• C. To fight infection
• D. To transport nutrients

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To clot blood.' Platelets play a crucial role in the clotting process, forming a plug at the site of blood vessel injury to prevent excessive bleeding. While red blood cells carry oxygen, white blood cells fight infection, and nutrients are transported by plasma, platelets are specifically responsible for blood clotting. Choice A is incorrect because red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen. Choice C is incorrect because white blood cells are primarily involved in fighting infection. Choice D is incorrect as the transport of nutrients is mainly carried out by plasma, not platelets.

4. Which of the following lists of joint types is in the correct order for increasing amounts of permitted motion (least mobile to most mobile)?

• A. Hinge, condyloid, saddle
• B. Saddle, hinge, condyloid
• C. Saddle, condyloid, hinge
• D. Hinge, saddle, condyloid

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct order of joint types, from least mobile to most mobile, is hinge, condyloid, saddle. A hinge joint allows movement in one plane (like a door hinge), a condyloid joint allows movement in two planes but not rotation (like the wrist), and a saddle joint allows movement in multiple directions (like the thumb). Choice A, 'Hinge, condyloid, saddle,' is the correct sequence as it accurately represents the order of increasing permitted motion in joints. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not follow the correct order of joint types from least mobile to most mobile as required by the question.

5. What is the main function of estuaries?

• A. Filtering pollutants from water
• B. Providing habitat for marine life
• C. Storing carbon dioxide
• D. Generating wind power

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Estuaries are coastal areas where freshwater from rivers and streams mixes with saltwater from the ocean. They serve as important habitats for a variety of marine life, including fish, birds, and other wildlife. Estuaries provide shelter, breeding grounds, and food sources for many species, making them crucial for the overall health of marine ecosystems. While estuaries can help filter pollutants to some extent, their primary function is to support and sustain diverse populations of plants and animals. Storing carbon dioxide and generating wind power are not main functions of estuaries.

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