Nursing Elites

1. What is the formula for calculating molarity?

• A. M = n/V
• B. M = n/L
• C. M = mol/L
• D. M = mol/dm³

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct formula for calculating molarity is M = n/V. In this formula, 'M' represents molarity, 'n' represents the number of moles of solute, and 'V' represents the volume of the solution in liters. Molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution, hence the ratio of moles to volume. Choice B, 'M = n/L', is incorrect because 'L' should represent liters instead of the number of moles. Choice C, 'M = mol/L', is incorrect as it does not include the representation of the number of moles 'n'. Choice D, 'M = mol/dm³', is incorrect because 'dm³' is a volume unit equal to a liter, but the correct representation should be in terms of the volume of the solution in liters. Therefore, the correct answer is M = n/V.

2. What are enzymes?

• A. Building blocks of muscle
• B. Biological catalysts
• C. Energy source
• D. Antibodies

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Enzymes are biological catalysts, not building blocks of muscle. They speed up chemical reactions in living organisms without being consumed in the process. Enzymes are not an energy source or antibodies. They play a crucial role in various biological processes by lowering the activation energy required for a reaction to occur, thereby increasing the rate of the reaction.

3. Which of the following is the control group in the above experiment?

• A. tank A
• B. tank B
• C. tank C
• D. There is no control group in this experiment.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: There is no control group in this experiment. A control group is a group in an experiment that does not receive the treatment being studied in order to serve as a baseline for comparison. In this case, all three tanks (A, B, and C) are being treated with different amounts of fertilizer, and there is no group that is left untreated to serve as a control for comparison. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they all represent tanks that are part of the experimental groups receiving different amounts of fertilizer, thus none of them can be considered the control group.

4. Which hormone is released by the pituitary gland?

• A. Estrogen
• B. Luteinizing Hormone
• C. Progesterone
• D. Testosterone

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Luteinizing Hormone. The pituitary gland releases luteinizing hormone, which plays a crucial role in reproductive functions by stimulating ovulation in females and testosterone production in males. Choice A, Estrogen, is incorrect as estrogen is mainly produced by the ovaries. Choice C, Progesterone, is incorrect as progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum in the ovaries and the placenta during pregnancy. Choice D, Testosterone, is incorrect as testosterone is produced primarily in the testes in males and in smaller amounts in the ovaries and adrenal glands in females.

5. Which valve allows blood flow from the right atrium into the right ventricle?

• A. Tricuspid valve
• B. Pulmonic valve
• C. Mitral valve
• D. Aortic valve

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is the Tricuspid valve. This valve is located between the right atrium and the right ventricle in the heart. Its primary function is to facilitate the flow of blood from the right atrium into the right ventricle and to prevent the backflow of blood. The Pulmonic valve (choice B) is situated between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, not between the right atrium and ventricle, making it incorrect. The Mitral valve (choice C) is found between the left atrium and the left ventricle, not the right side, so it is incorrect. The Aortic valve (choice D) is positioned between the left ventricle and the aorta, not involved in the right atrium and ventricle connection, hence it is also incorrect.

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