Nursing Elites

1. What is the basic structure of an atom?

• A. Protons, neutrons, electrons
• B. Protons, electrons, ions
• C. Neutrons, electrons, ions
• D. Protons, ions, molecules

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The basic structure of an atom consists of protons and neutrons located in the nucleus, with electrons orbiting around the nucleus in specific energy levels or shells. Protons carry a positive charge, neutrons carry no charge, and electrons carry a negative charge. This arrangement maintains the overall neutrality of the atom, with the number of protons equaling the number of electrons. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Protons, neutrons, electrons.' Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately represent the fundamental components of an atom. Choice B includes 'ions,' which are charged particles, not fundamental components of an atom. Choice C includes 'ions' and lacks protons. Choice D includes 'ions' and 'molecules,' which are not part of the basic structure of an atom.

2. What is 0.04 g in mg?

• A. 40 mg
• B. 400 mg
• C. 4 mg
• D. 0.4 mg

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To convert grams to milligrams, you multiply by 1000 since there are 1000 milligrams in a gram. Therefore, to convert 0.04 grams to milligrams, you would do 0.04 * 1000 = 40 mg. Choice A, '40 mg,' is the correct answer. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not correctly convert grams to milligrams. Choice B, '400 mg,' is incorrect because it mistakenly multiplies by 10 instead of 1000. Choice C, '4 mg,' is incorrect because it does not account for the correct conversion factor. Choice D, '0.4 mg,' is incorrect because it underestimates the conversion by a factor of 10.

3. A person wakes up with a fever. The body begins its response to locate the origin of the problem and fix it. What type of feedback mechanism is this?

• A. Equal
• B. Negative
• C. Neutral
• D. Positive

Correct answer: B

Rationale: This scenario describes a negative feedback mechanism. When the body detects a fever, it initiates responses to lower the temperature back to normal levels. Negative feedback mechanisms work to counteract changes and maintain homeostasis in the body. Choice A ('Equal') is incorrect as feedback mechanisms aim to restore balance, not maintain an equal state. Choice C ('Neutral') is incorrect as it does not describe the corrective nature of negative feedback. Choice D ('Positive') is incorrect as it would amplify the fever rather than regulate it.

4. What are the components of the male internal genitalia and their functions?

• A. Prostate gland: produces hormones
• B. Testes: produce sperm and testosterone
• C. Epididymis: stores and matures sperm
• D. Urethra: conducts urine and semen out of the body

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The testes play a crucial role in male reproduction by producing sperm and testosterone. Sperm production is essential for fertility, while testosterone is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics. The epididymis functions to store and mature sperm, allowing them to become motile. The prostate gland, not listed among the choices, secretes fluid that nourishes and protects sperm. The urethra serves the purpose of conducting both urine and semen out of the body, enabling the excretion of waste and reproductive fluids.

5. Which of the answer choices is an effective revision of the ambiguous sentence below? Tanya told her sister to tell her boyfriend Joe to call her as soon as he got home.

• A. Tanya's sister said, 'Tell Joe to call me as soon as he gets home.'
• B. Her sister told her boyfriend Joe to call Tanya as soon as he got home.
• C. Tanya said to her sister, 'Tell your boyfriend Joe to call me as soon as he gets home.'
• D. Tanya told her sister, 'Joe should call me as soon as he gets home.'

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer, option C, effectively clarifies the communication structure by specifying who is communicating with whom and when. Tanya instructs her sister to convey a message to her boyfriend Joe, requesting him to call Tanya upon his arrival home. This revision removes the ambiguity present in the original sentence. Option A is incorrect as it introduces unnecessary complexity and alters the original meaning. Option B is incorrect as it misinterprets the relationships among the individuals involved. Option D is incorrect as it changes the dynamics of the communication and does not address the ambiguity in the original sentence.

Similar Questions