Nursing Elites

1. What is DNA made of?

• A. Proteins
• B. Nucleotides
• C. Lipids
• D. Carbohydrates

Correct answer: B

Rationale: DNA is made up of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of genetic material. Choice A (Proteins) is incorrect because while proteins play a crucial role in the body, they are not the building blocks of DNA. Choice C (Lipids) and Choice D (Carbohydrates) are also incorrect as they are not the primary components of DNA.

2. In a phospholipid molecule, the head:

• A. Is hydrophilic
• B. Is hydrophobic
• C. Is on the inner side of the layer
• D. Both A and C

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The head of a phospholipid is hydrophilic (water-loving) and is located on the outer side of the lipid bilayer, interacting with water molecules. This arrangement positions the hydrophobic tails inward, away from water. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Choice A is incorrect because the head is hydrophilic, not hydrophobic. Choice B is incorrect as the head is on the outer side, not the inner side of the layer.

3. Which of the following molecules is an important component of the plasma membrane?

• A. Phospholipids
• B. Steroids
• C. Sugars
• D. Amino acids

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Phospholipids are indeed a crucial component of the plasma membrane. They have a unique structure with hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails, which allows them to form the lipid bilayer of the membrane. Steroids, sugars, and amino acids are not primary components of the plasma membrane. Steroids are a different type of lipid, sugars are often found in glycoproteins on the membrane surface, and amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, some of which are membrane proteins, but not the membrane itself.

4. What is the effect of the Earth's rotation on the atmosphere and on all objects on the Earth's surface?

• A. The Coriolis effect
• B. The Corona effect
• C. The Archimedes effect
• D. The tidal effect

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The Coriolis effect is the effect of the Earth's rotation on the atmosphere and on all objects on the Earth's surface. It causes moving objects and currents to be deflected to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere. This deflection is a result of the rotation of the Earth and plays a crucial role in influencing weather patterns and ocean currents around the globe. The other choices provided are incorrect. The Corona effect is related to the Sun's atmosphere, the Archimedes effect involves buoyancy in fluids, and the tidal effect is associated with the gravitational forces between the Earth, the Moon, and the Sun.

5. Which of the following is true of the Krebs cycle?

• A. It is a redox reaction involving proteins produced during glycolysis
• B. It is a redox reaction involving sugars produced during glycolysis
• C. Protons are passed along a gradient to produce ATP
• D. It is also known as the glycolic acid cycle

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle, involves a series of redox reactions that occur in the mitochondria. The cycle begins with the oxidation of acetyl CoA, which is derived from the breakdown of sugars produced during glycolysis. These sugars are broken down further in the Krebs cycle to produce ATP and reduce electron carriers such as NADH and FADH2. The cycle does not involve proteins produced during glycolysis. Protons are not passed along a gradient to produce ATP directly in the Krebs cycle; rather, they are used in the electron transport chain to generate ATP. The Krebs cycle is not known as the glycolic acid cycle; glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that produces pyruvate from glucose.

Similar Questions