ATI TEAS 7
TEAS version 7 quizlet science
1. What are the three main types of RNA?
- A. Messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA)
- B. DNA, RNA, and protein
- C. Adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine
- D. Deoxyribose, ribose, and phosphate
Correct answer: A
Rationale: - Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. - Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a structural component of ribosomes, which are the cellular machinery responsible for protein synthesis. - Transfer RNA (tRNA) is responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis. Options B, C, and D are incorrect: - Option B lists DNA, RNA, and protein, which are biomolecules but not the three main types of RNA. - Option C lists nitrogenous bases (adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine) found in DNA, not types of RNA. - Option D lists components of nucleotides (deoxyribose, ribose, and phosphate), which are building blocks of nucleic
2. Which organ produces insulin, a hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?
- A. Parathyroid gland
- B. Pancreas
- C. Thymus gland
- D. Ovaries
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas. Beta cells located in the islets of Langerhans within the pancreas are responsible for insulin production. Insulin plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells, thereby maintaining blood sugar levels within a normal range. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the parathyroid gland is primarily involved in regulating calcium levels, the thymus gland is involved in immune function, and the ovaries are involved in reproductive functions, not insulin production for blood sugar regulation.
3. Which of the following best describes the process of osmosis?
- A. Movement of molecules against their concentration gradient
- B. Movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane
- C. Movement of water and solutes together
- D. Movement of large molecules through a membrane
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Osmosis is the process where water moves across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration. Choice A is incorrect because osmosis does not involve movement against the concentration gradient. Choice C is incorrect because osmosis primarily involves the movement of water, not water and solutes together. Choice D is incorrect as osmosis specifically refers to the movement of water molecules, not large molecules, through a membrane.
4. Which of the following cell organelles is the site of lipid synthesis?
- A. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- B. ribosome
- C. rough endoplasmic reticulum
- D. Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. This organelle lacks ribosomes on its surface, unlike the rough endoplasmic reticulum, which is involved in protein synthesis. The enzymes present in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum are responsible for synthesizing lipids such as phospholipids and steroids. Choice B, ribosomes, are responsible for protein synthesis and not lipid synthesis. Choice C, rough endoplasmic reticulum, is involved in protein synthesis due to the presence of ribosomes. Choice D, Golgi apparatus, is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion, not lipid synthesis.
5. What is the muscular sac in the female body that nourishes and protects a developing fetus?
- A. Ovary
- B. Fallopian tube
- C. Uterus
- D. Vagina
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is the uterus. The uterus is a muscular organ in the female body where a fertilized egg implants and grows into a fetus during pregnancy. It provides nourishment and protection to the developing fetus. The ovaries produce eggs, the fallopian tubes transport eggs from the ovaries to the uterus, and the vagina is the muscular tube that connects the uterus to the outside of the body for childbirth. Therefore, the roles of the ovary, fallopian tube, and vagina are not related to nourishing and protecting a developing fetus, making them incorrect choices.
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