Nursing Elites

1. According to the passage, what effect does encountering an automobile with eighteen wheels have on the hypothesis 'All automobiles have only four wheels'?

• A. It proves the hypothesis.
• B. It raises the hypothesis's probability.
• C. It disproves the hypothesis.
• D. It decreases the hypothesis's probability.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Encountering an automobile with eighteen wheels contradicts the hypothesis that all automobiles have only four wheels. This contradicts the initial hypothesis, proving it to be false. The passage explains that when evidence disproves a hypothesis, it directly contradicts the hypothesis, leading to its disproof. In the context of the monkey example provided, encountering a hairless monkey out of many hairy monkeys disproved the hypothesis 'All monkeys are hairy.' Therefore, the presence of an automobile with eighteen wheels disproves the hypothesis that all automobiles have only four wheels. Other choices are incorrect because encountering such an automobile directly contradicts the initial hypothesis, leading to its disproof, rather than proving it, raising its probability, or decreasing its probability.

2. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?

• A. Getting a job is easier now than it ever has been before.
• B. Earning money is much less difficult than managing it properly.
• C. Dr. Franklin advocated getting a job in a mill.
• D. Spending money is the greatest temptation in the world.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The main idea of the passage is that while making money may seem easy, managing it wisely is much more challenging. The author emphasizes the importance of spending less than what is earned to achieve financial stability. Choice A is incorrect as the passage focuses on the challenges of managing money, not on the ease of getting a job. Choice C is incorrect as Dr. Franklin is mentioned in the context of a quote about the simplicity of the road to wealth, not advocating getting a job in a mill. Choice D is incorrect as the passage does not primarily discuss spending money as the greatest temptation, but rather highlights the difficulty in managing money effectively.

3. Why does the author say it is important to buy locally grown food?

• A. Buying locally grown food supports people in your community.
• B. Locally grown food travels the least distance to reach you and therefore uses fewer resources.
• C. Locally grown food uses less packaging.
• D. Locally grown food is healthier for you because it has been exposed to fewer pesticides.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The author stresses the significance of buying locally grown food due to its minimal travel distance, which results in reduced resource utilization. This aligns with the passage's primary environmental theme of conserving resources for the future. Choice A is incorrect because although buying locally grown food can support the community, the main focus in the passage is on resource conservation. Choice C is incorrect as the passage emphasizes the importance of packaging but does not specifically mention that locally grown food uses less packaging. Choice D is incorrect as the health aspect related to fewer pesticides is not discussed in the passage regarding the importance of buying locally grown food.

4. What is one way the author specifies that a person can try to be aware of their consumption of water and energy?

• A. Food that remains on your plate is a wasted resource, and you can always go back for a second helping.
• B. Locally grown food and other products manufactured within your community are the best choices.
• C. Don’t leave appliances or chargers plugged in when not in use.
• D. Participation begins with our everyday choices.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The author specifically mentions in the passage that individuals should unplug appliances and chargers when not in use to reduce energy consumption. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address the action of being aware of water and energy consumption. Choice A discusses food waste, choice B focuses on sustainable products and locally grown food, and choice D talks about participation in general without focusing on energy or water consumption.

5. Which of the following battles occurred first?

• A. Cold Harbor
• B. Chancellorsville
• C. Atlanta
• D. Shiloh

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Shiloh occurred earlier than the other battles listed. Shiloh took place in April 1862 during the American Civil War, making it the earliest battle among the options provided. Cold Harbor occurred in June 1864, Chancellorsville in May 1863, and Atlanta in July-September 1864. Therefore, Shiloh is the correct answer. Choice A (Cold Harbor) is incorrect because it happened after Shiloh. Choice B (Chancellorsville) is incorrect because it occurred after Shiloh. Choice C (Atlanta) is also incorrect as it took place after Shiloh.

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