Nursing Elites

1. In which units is the speed of light in a vacuum measured?

• A. Meters per second
• B. Hertz
• C. Candela
• D. Newton

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The speed of light in a vacuum is commonly measured in units of meters per second. This is because the speed of light is approximately 299,792,458 meters per second in a vacuum, as defined by the International System of Units (SI). The speed of light is a measure of distance covered by light in a given time, hence it is expressed in meters per second. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Hertz is a unit of frequency, Candela is a unit of luminous intensity, and Newton is a unit of force. None of these units are relevant for measuring the speed of light, making 'Meters per second' the correct unit of measurement for the speed of light.

2. A ball is rolling across the floor and comes to a stop on its own. What force caused the ball to stop?

• A. Gravitational force
• B. Normal force from the floor
• C. Air resistance
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The force that caused the ball to stop rolling across the floor is air resistance. As the ball moves through the air, air resistance acts in the opposite direction of its motion, gradually slowing it down until it comes to a stop. In this scenario, the ball is not in contact with the floor, so the normal force from the floor does not play a role in stopping the ball. Gravitational force acts to pull objects towards the center of the Earth and would not directly stop the ball in this situation. Therefore, air resistance is the force that opposes the motion of the rolling ball and causes it to come to a stop.

3. What is the primary function of the heart?

• A. Filtering blood
• B. Exchanging gases
• C. Pumping blood throughout the body
• D. Producing hormones

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The main function of the heart is to pump blood throughout the body. The heart acts as a muscular pump that circulates blood, delivering oxygen and nutrients to the body's tissues and removing waste products. Option A is incorrect because blood filtration is a function of the kidneys, not the heart. Option B is incorrect as gas exchange occurs in the lungs, not the heart. Option D is also incorrect as hormone production is mainly carried out by endocrine glands, not the heart.

4. Imagine you have an element with atomic number 20 and mass number 40. How many neutrons does it have?

• A. 20
• B. 40
• C. 10
• D. 20

Correct answer: C

Rationale: - The atomic number (Z) represents the number of protons in an atom. In this case, the atomic number is 20. - The mass number (A) represents the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom. In this case, the mass number is 40. - To find the number of neutrons, you subtract the atomic number from the mass number: Neutrons = Mass number - Atomic number. - Neutrons = 40 - 20 = 20. - Therefore, the element with atomic number 20 and mass number 40 has 20 neutrons.

5. What is the term for a genetic disorder caused by a mutation on the X chromosome?

• A. Autosomal dominant disorder
• B. Autosomal recessive disorder
• C. Sex-linked recessive disorder
• D. Sex-linked dominant disorder

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A genetic disorder caused by a mutation on the X chromosome is termed a sex-linked recessive disorder (Option C). This type of disorder is more commonly seen in males due to their single X chromosome, making them more vulnerable to X-linked mutations. Females have two X chromosomes, providing a protective effect against X-linked disorders.\n- Autosomal dominant disorders (Option A) result from a mutation in one copy of a gene on non-sex chromosomes (autosomes) and are not specifically related to the X chromosome.\n- Autosomal recessive disorders (Option B) occur due to mutations in both copies of a gene on autosomes, not on the X chromosome.\n- Sex-linked dominant disorders (Option D) are rare and lead to more severe symptoms in males as they only require one copy of the mutated gene on the X chromosome to express the disorder. However, this is not the term for a genetic disorder caused by an X chromosome mutation.

Similar Questions