Nursing Elites

1. When working with children from different cultural perspectives, the healthcare provider may find it particularly challenging because:

• A. children's spiritual needs are influenced by their stages of development.
• B. children's spiritual needs are direct reflections of what is happening in their homes.
• C. religious beliefs often impact the parents' views on the illness.
• D. parents are usually the decision-makers, but they may lack awareness of their children's spiritual needs.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Children's spiritual needs are influenced by their stages of development, not just by what is happening in their homes. Understanding these needs requires knowledge of how children's spiritual beliefs evolve as they grow. Different cultural perspectives can bring varying beliefs and practices regarding children's spiritual development, which may challenge healthcare providers in addressing these needs effectively. Choice B is incorrect because children's spiritual needs are not solely reflections of their home environments but are shaped by various factors. Choice C is incorrect as it discusses the impact of parents' religious beliefs on illness views rather than focusing on children's spiritual needs. Choice D is incorrect as it addresses parental awareness of children's spiritual needs, which is not the primary challenge faced by healthcare providers in this context.

2. When a nurse is performing a health interview on a patient with a language barrier and no interpreter is available, which of the following is the best example of an appropriate question for the nurse to ask?

• A. Do you take medicine?
• B. Do you sterilize the bottles?
• C. Do you have nausea and vomiting?
• D. You have been taking your medicine, haven't you?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The best example of an appropriate question for the nurse to ask in this situation is 'Do you take medicine?' This question is clear, simple, and focused on one topic at a time, which is essential when there is a language barrier and no interpreter available. It follows the recommendation to use simple words, avoid medical jargon, contractions, and pronouns in such situations. Choices B, C, and D involve more complex language, unrelated topics, or assumptions about the patient's actions, making them less suitable for effective communication in this context.

3. During an interview, a parent of a hospitalized child is sitting in an open position. As the interviewer begins to discuss his son's treatment, however, he suddenly crosses his arms against his chest and crosses his legs. This would suggest that the parent is:

• A. just changing positions.
• B. more comfortable in this position.
• C. tired and needs a break from the interview.
• D. uncomfortable talking about his son's treatment.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The parent's sudden change in body language from an open position to crossing arms and legs suggests discomfort or defensiveness, particularly when discussing his son's treatment. This closed-off position indicates a lack of willingness to share information and potentially signals discomfort with the topic being discussed. Choice A is incorrect as the abrupt shift in body language indicates more than just a change in position. Choice B is incorrect because crossing arms and legs typically signal defensiveness or discomfort rather than comfort. Choice C is incorrect as there are specific body language cues indicating discomfort rather than just fatigue.

4. Among many Asians there is a belief in the yin\yang theory, rooted in the ancient Chinese philosophy of Tao. The nurse recognizes which statement that most accurately reflects "health" in an Asian with this belief?

• A. A person is able to work and produce.
• B. A person is happy, stable, and feels good.
• C. All aspects of the person are in perfect balance.
• D. A person is able to care for others and function socially. - C) All aspects of the person are in perfect balance. Page: 21 Many Asians believe in the yin\yang theory, in which health is believed to exist when all aspects of the person are in perfect balance. The other statements do not describe this theory.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In Asian belief systems like the yin\yang theory rooted in Tao philosophy, health is seen as existing when all aspects of a person are in perfect balance. This means that physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual elements need to be harmonized for an individual to be considered healthy. The other statements do not encapsulate this holistic perspective on health.

5. An individual who takes the magicoreligious perspective of illness and disease is likely to believe that his or her illness was caused by:

• A. germs and viruses.
• B. supernatural forces.
• C. eating imbalanced foods.
• D. an imbalance within his or her spiritual nature.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The magicoreligious perspective of illness and disease is based on the belief that supernatural forces play a significant role in causing health problems. Individuals holding this perspective may believe that their illness was caused by curses, evil spirits, or other supernatural factors rather than conventional explanations like germs or viruses. This worldview influences how they perceive and seek treatment for their health conditions. Therefore, the correct answer is B) supernatural forces. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the supernatural beliefs associated with the magicoreligious perspective. This perspective focuses on attributing illness to supernatural causes rather than biological, dietary, or spiritual imbalances.

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