Nursing Elites

1. Among many Asians there is a belief in the yin\yang theory, rooted in the ancient Chinese philosophy of Tao. The nurse recognizes which statement that most accurately reflects "health" in an Asian with this belief?

• A. A person is able to work and produce.
• B. A person is happy, stable, and feels good.
• C. All aspects of the person are in perfect balance.
• D. A person is able to care for others and function socially. - C) All aspects of the person are in perfect balance. Page: 21 Many Asians believe in the yin\yang theory, in which health is believed to exist when all aspects of the person are in perfect balance. The other statements do not describe this theory.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In Asian belief systems like the yin\yang theory rooted in Tao philosophy, health is seen as existing when all aspects of a person are in perfect balance. This means that physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual elements need to be harmonized for an individual to be considered healthy. The other statements do not encapsulate this holistic perspective on health.

2. What would be an appropriate nursing response when a mother reports that her 16-month-old toddler has an earache?

• A. Maybe the toddler is just teething.
• B. I will check her ear for an ear infection.
• C. Are you sure the toddler is really in pain?
• D. Please describe what the toddler is doing to indicate she is in pain.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The appropriate nursing response would be to assess the toddler's ear to determine if there is indeed an ear infection causing the earache. It is crucial to provide timely and suitable care for the child's pain and discomfort. Checking for an ear infection is a necessary step in evaluating the source of the toddler's earache. Choice A is incorrect as it assumes the earache is due to teething without proper assessment. Choice C questions the mother's report rather than focusing on the child's condition. Choice D is not as direct and focused as directly examining the ear for a possible infection.

3. During an interview, the nurse states, 'You mentioned shortness of breath. Tell me more about that.' Which verbal skill is used with this statement?

• A. Reflection
• B. Facilitation
• C. Direct question
• D. Open-ended question

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The nurse's statement, 'Tell me more about that,' is an example of an open-ended question. Open-ended questions encourage the interviewee to provide detailed information and expand on their responses. This type of question is useful for gathering narrative information and allows the interviewee to express themselves freely. Reflection involves restating or paraphrasing the client's words, facilitation encourages the client to say more, and direct questions typically elicit specific, close-ended responses, unlike open-ended questions.

4. When providing culturally competent care, how should nurses incorporate cultural assessments into health assessments? Which statement is most appropriate when initiating an assessment of cultural beliefs with an elderly American Indian patient?

• A. "Are you of the Christian faith?"
• B. "Do you want to see a medicine man?"
• C. "How often do you seek help from medical providers?"
• D. "What cultural or spiritual beliefs are important to you?"

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The most appropriate statement to initiate an assessment of cultural beliefs with an elderly American Indian patient is to ask, "What cultural or spiritual beliefs are important to you?" This question encourages the patient to share their personal beliefs without assuming stereotypes or making generalizations. It allows the patient to express their individual cultural and spiritual practices, enabling nurses to deliver more personalized and culturally competent care. Choices A, B, and C are not as suitable. Choice A assumes a specific faith without considering the patient's actual beliefs. Choice B relies on a stereotype about American Indian culture, and Choice C focuses more on seeking medical help rather than exploring cultural beliefs.

5. When communicating with a patient who has a hearing impairment, what technique would be most beneficial?

• A. Determine the communication method he prefers.
• B. Avoid using facial and hand gestures as they can be degrading to most hearing-impaired individuals.
• C. Request a sign language interpreter before meeting to facilitate communication.
• D. Speak loudly and with exaggerated facial movement, as this helps with lip reading.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When communicating with a patient who has a hearing impairment, it is crucial to determine the preferred communication method, whether it involves signing, lip reading, or writing. By directly asking the patient for their preferred method of communication, the healthcare provider can ensure effective and respectful interaction tailored to the individual's specific needs and preferences. Option B is incorrect because using facial and hand gestures can actually aid in communication for some individuals with hearing impairments. Option C is not always necessary and may not be the preferred method for all patients. Option D is incorrect because speaking loudly and with exaggerated facial movements is not necessary and may not be preferred by the patient.

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