Nursing Elites

1. In the majority culture of America, coughing, sweating, and diarrhea are symptoms of an illness. For some individuals of Mexican-American origin, however, these symptoms are a normal part of living. The nurse recognizes that this is true, probably because Mexican-Americans:

• A. have less efficient immune systems and are often ill.
• B. consider these symptoms a part of normal living, not symptoms of ill health.
• C. come from Mexico where coughing is normal and healthy.
• D. are usually in a lower socioeconomic group and are more likely to be sick.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In Mexican-American culture, coughing, sweating, and diarrhea are often considered normal bodily functions and not necessarily indicative of illness. This cultural perspective shapes their understanding of health and illness, leading them to view these symptoms differently than the majority culture in America. Choice A is incorrect because it generalizes Mexican-Americans as having less efficient immune systems, which is not supported by evidence. Choice C is incorrect as it oversimplifies by attributing the perception solely to coming from Mexico. Choice D is incorrect as it makes unwarranted assumptions about the socioeconomic status and health status of Mexican-Americans.

2. What would be an appropriate nursing response when a mother reports that her 16-month-old toddler has an earache?

• A. Maybe the toddler is just teething.
• B. I will check her ear for an ear infection.
• C. Are you sure the toddler is really in pain?
• D. Please describe what the toddler is doing to indicate she is in pain.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The appropriate nursing response would be to assess the toddler's ear to determine if there is indeed an ear infection causing the earache. It is crucial to provide timely and suitable care for the child's pain and discomfort. Checking for an ear infection is a necessary step in evaluating the source of the toddler's earache. Choice A is incorrect as it assumes the earache is due to teething without proper assessment. Choice C questions the mother's report rather than focusing on the child's condition. Choice D is not as direct and focused as directly examining the ear for a possible infection.

3. Before a child undergoes a tonsillectomy, what information should the nurse collect?

• A. The child's birth weight
• B. The age at which they crawled
• C. Whether they have had the measles
• D. Reactions to previous hospitalizations

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Before a child undergoes a tonsillectomy, it is crucial for the nurse to gather information on the child's reactions to previous hospitalizations. This data helps in assessing potential fears or anxiety and in providing the necessary support and preparation for the upcoming tonsillectomy. Understanding the child's past reactions is vital for ensuring their comfort and well-being during the hospital admission and procedure. The other options provided are not directly relevant to the child's upcoming tonsillectomy procedure. Birth weight (Choice A) is not typically a factor considered before a tonsillectomy. The age at which a child crawled (Choice B) is a developmental milestone but not pertinent to the tonsillectomy. Having had measles (Choice C) is important for overall health history but not specifically crucial before a tonsillectomy.

4. During an interview, the interviewer is using open-ended questions. Which of the following statements are true regarding open-ended questions? Select all that apply.

• A. They elicit cold facts.
• B. They allow for self-expression.
• C. They build and enhance deviation from topic
• D. They leave interactions neutral.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Open-ended questions are designed to encourage the interviewee to express themselves freely, leading to more detailed and insightful responses. These questions help build rapport by showing interest in the interviewee's thoughts and feelings. By allowing for self-expression, open-ended questions facilitate a deeper and more meaningful conversation, making them a valuable tool in conducting interviews. Choice A is incorrect because open-ended questions aim to gather detailed and subjective information, not just cold facts. Choice D is incorrect as open-ended questions often lead to more engaging interactions rather than leaving them neutral.

5. When recording the childhood illnesses of a patient who denies having had any, which note by the nurse would be most accurate?

• A. Patient denies usual childhood illnesses.
• B. Patient states he was a 'very healthy' child.
• C. Patient states sister had measles, but he didn't.
• D. Patient denies measles, mumps, rubella, chickenpox, pertussis, and strep throat.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Choice D is the most accurate note by the nurse as it lists specific childhood illnesses commonly experienced by children. By documenting that the patient denies having had these specific illnesses, the healthcare provider establishes a clear medical history record regarding these common childhood illnesses. This detailed documentation is essential for providing comprehensive care and evaluating potential risks or complications associated with these illnesses in the future. Choices A, B, and C are not as accurate as they do not provide a comprehensive list of common childhood illnesses that are routinely evaluated by healthcare providers. Choice A is too vague, Choice B focuses on the patient's perception of their health rather than specific illnesses, and Choice C only mentions measles, lacking the breadth of information provided in Choice D.

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