Nursing Elites

1. The hike became increasingly difficult as we got closer to the top of the mountain. Which of the following parts of speech is 'increasingly' as used in the sentence above?

• A. Adjective
• B. Interjection
• C. Verb
• D. Adverb

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In this sentence, 'increasingly' is functioning as an adverb. Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs to describe the manner, degree, or frequency of an action. In this case, 'increasingly' describes how the difficulty of the hike was growing as we approached the mountain top. Choice A, 'Adjective,' is incorrect as adjectives modify nouns or pronouns, not verbs. Choice B, 'Interjection,' is also incorrect because interjections are words used to express strong emotions or sentiments, not to describe actions or qualities. Choice C, 'Verb,' is incorrect as 'increasingly' is not a verb; it does not express an action or state of being.

2. The following words share a common Greek-based suffix: anthropology, biology, cosmetology, etymology, and genealogy. What is the most likely meaning of the suffix -logy?

• A. Record
• B. Study
• C. Science
• D. Technique

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Study.' The suffix -logy is derived from the Greek word 'logia,' meaning 'the study of.' In words like anthropology (study of humans), biology (study of life), cosmetology (study of cosmetics), etymology (study of word origins), and genealogy (study of family history), the suffix -logy indicates a field of study or discipline. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the suffix -logy does not signify 'record,' 'science,' or 'technique,' but rather the concept of 'study' or 'science of.'

3. What is the structure of the following sentence: The restaurant is unconventional because it serves both Chicago-style pizza and New York-style pizza?

• A. Simple
• B. Compound
• C. Complex
• D. Compound-complex

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The sentence is a complex sentence because it consists of an independent clause 'The restaurant is unconventional' and a dependent clause 'because it serves both Chicago-style pizza and New York-style pizza.' In a complex sentence, an independent clause can stand alone as a sentence, but a dependent clause cannot. Choice A is incorrect because a simple sentence contains just one independent clause. Choice B is incorrect as a compound sentence joins two independent clauses with a coordinating conjunction. Choice D is incorrect as a compound-complex sentence contains at least two independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses.

4. Which of the following best describes the peer review process?

• A. It guarantees acceptance of all papers
• B. It requires time and attention to complete
• C. It is a straightforward task
• D. It enables instant publication of papers

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the peer review process demands time and attention for a thorough evaluation by experts. Choice A is incorrect because peer review does not guarantee acceptance of all papers; rather, it aims to assess the quality and validity of research. Choice C is incorrect as peer review is not always a simple or straightforward task due to the detailed scrutiny involved. Choice D is incorrect because peer review does not allow papers to be published instantly; instead, it involves a rigorous evaluation process before publication.

5. Which of the following phrases follows the rules of capitalization?

• A. President Carter and his advisors
• B. Robert Jones, the senior Senator from California
• C. my Aunt and Uncle who live out West
• D. the party on New Year’s Eve

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. In this phrase, the words 'Senator' and 'California' are capitalized correctly since they refer to a specific position and a proper noun, respectively. 'Senator' is capitalized as it is part of the title and 'California' is capitalized as a proper noun. Choice A is incorrect because 'President' should be capitalized when it precedes a specific name, like 'President Carter.' Choice C is incorrect because 'Aunt' and 'Uncle' are not proper nouns and should not be capitalized. Choice D is incorrect because only 'New Year's Eve' should be capitalized as it is a proper noun for the event.

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