ATI TEAS 7
ATI TEAS Practice Test Science
1. Which of the following is the cytoplasmic organelle that contains fluid-filled tubules for carrying and transporting substances?
- A. Endoplasmic reticulum
- B. Golgi apparatus
- C. Mitochondria
- D. Nucleus
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The endoplasmic reticulum is the correct answer. It is the cytoplasmic organelle that contains fluid-filled tubules responsible for carrying and transporting substances within the cell. The endoplasmic reticulum plays a crucial role in protein synthesis, lipid metabolism, and detoxification processes. The Golgi apparatus, although important in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion or for use within the cell, does not primarily contain fluid-filled tubules for carrying and transporting substances. Mitochondria are responsible for generating ATP through cellular respiration, not for carrying and transporting substances. The nucleus contains the cell's genetic material and is involved in regulating cellular activities but does not contain fluid-filled tubules for transportation.
2. What is the primary function of the atrioventricular (AV) node within the heart?
- A. Generate the electrical impulse for contraction (pacemaker function)
- B. Transmit the electrical impulse from the atria to the ventricles, regulating the timing of contraction.
- C. Increase blood pressure within the ventricles during systole.
- D. Separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood flow in the heart.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Transmit the electrical impulse from the atria to the ventricles, regulating the timing of contraction. The primary function of the atrioventricular (AV) node is to coordinate the transmission of electrical signals between the atria and the ventricles. It ensures proper timing between atrial and ventricular contractions, allowing for efficient blood pumping through the heart. Choice A is incorrect because the AV node does not generate the initial electrical impulse; that role is typically attributed to the sinoatrial (SA) node. Choice C is incorrect as the AV node does not directly influence blood pressure within the ventricles. Choice D is also incorrect as the separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood is primarily achieved by the anatomical structure of the heart (e.g., atria and ventricles) and not the AV node.
3. What phenomenon is responsible for the mirage effect seen in deserts?
- A. Diffraction
- B. Refraction
- C. Interference
- D. Polarization
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another of different density. In deserts, the temperature gradient causes light to bend, creating the mirage effect where distant objects appear distorted or displaced. Diffraction refers to the bending of light around obstacles or apertures, not the cause of mirages. Interference involves the superposition of two or more waves, which is not the mechanism behind mirages. Polarization refers to the orientation of light waves in a specific plane and is not responsible for the mirage effect in deserts. Therefore, the correct answer is refraction.
4. With which genotype would the recessive phenotype appear if the dominant allele is marked with 'A' and the recessive allele is marked with 'a'?
- A. AA
- B. aa
- C. Aa
- D. aA
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The recessive phenotype appears when an individual has two copies of the recessive allele. In this case, the recessive allele is marked with 'a.' Therefore, the genotype 'aa' would display the recessive phenotype as both alleles are recessive. Choice A (AA) has two dominant alleles, choice C (Aa) has one dominant and one recessive allele, and choice D (aA) represents the same genotype as Aa due to the principle of allele dominance.
5. Which of the following is not a component of blood?
- A. Red blood cells
- B. White blood cells
- C. Platelets
- D. Cartilage
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cartilage. Cartilage is not a component of blood. Blood primarily consists of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen, white blood cells are part of the immune system, and platelets are essential for blood clotting. Cartilage, on the other hand, is a type of connective tissue found in various parts of the body, such as the joints and nose, but it is not present in the blood. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they are components of blood, while choice D, Cartilage, is the correct answer as it is not a component of blood.
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