Nursing Elites

1. Sublimation is the change in matter from solid to gas or gas to solid without passing through a liquid phase. Outside of the laboratory, which solid provides the best example of this?

• A. Iron
• B. Silver
• C. Salt crystal
• D. Dry ice

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) provides the best example of sublimation outside of the laboratory. When dry ice is exposed to normal atmospheric conditions, it changes directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid phase. This process is commonly observed in everyday situations such as creating 'smoke' or 'fog' effects. Choices A, B, and C (Iron, Silver, and Salt crystal) do not undergo sublimation. Iron and Silver melt and then vaporize, while Salt crystal dissolves in water, and the resulting solution evaporates, which involves a liquid phase.

2. Two 5-ohm resistors are placed in series and wired into a 100-V power supply. What current flows through this circuit?

• A. 2 A
• B. 10 A
• C. 20 A
• D. 50 A

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In a series circuit, the total resistance is the sum of the individual resistances. Therefore, the total resistance in this circuit is 5 ohms + 5 ohms = 10 ohms. Using Ohm's Law (V = I × R), we can find the current (I) by dividing the voltage (V) by the total resistance (R). I = V / R = 100 V / 10 ohms = 10 A. Choice A (2 A) is incorrect because it does not account for the total resistance of the circuit. Choice C (20 A) and Choice D (50 A) are also incorrect as they provide values that are not consistent with the calculations based on the given values in the question.

3. Which of the following substances has the highest density?

• A. Mist
• B. Water
• C. Steam
• D. Ice

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Water has the highest density among the options provided. Density is a measure of mass per unit volume. In this case, water in its liquid form is denser than mist, steam, and ice. Ice has a lower density than water because its crystalline structure causes it to be less dense. Mist and steam are forms of water vapor, which are much less dense than liquid water. Therefore, the correct answer is water (choice B).

4. Energy manifests in various forms. Which of the following is NOT considered a fundamental energy type?

• A. Thermal energy
• B. Momentum
• C. Sound energy
• D. Chemical energy

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Momentum is not considered a form of energy; it is a property of moving objects. Thermal, sound, and chemical energy are all forms of energy. Thermal energy is the energy associated with the movement of particles within an object. Sound energy is produced by vibrations and travels through materials as waves. Chemical energy is stored within the bonds of chemical compounds. While momentum is a crucial concept in physics, it is not a fundamental form of energy.

5. When a junked car is compacted, which statement is true?

• A. Its mass increases.
• B. Its mass decreases.
• C. Its density increases.
• D. Its density decreases.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When a junked car is compacted, its volume decreases while its mass remains the same. As a result, the car's density increases because density is mass divided by volume. Choice A is incorrect because the mass of the car remains the same. Choice B is incorrect because the mass does not decrease. Choice D is incorrect because the density increases as the volume decreases, not decreases.

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