an ideal gas undergoes an isothermal constant temperature expansion in this process the work done by the gas on the surroundings is
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HESI A2

HESI A2 Physics

1. During an isothermal (constant temperature) expansion, what is the work done by the gas on the surroundings?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In an isothermal expansion, the temperature remains constant, meaning there is no change in internal energy. However, the gas still does work on the surroundings as it expands, and this work is positive. Since internal energy does not change, the correct answer is D, 'Positive and greater than the change in internal energy.' Choice A is incorrect because the work done is not equal to the change in internal energy. Choice B is incorrect as work is done during the expansion. Choice C is incorrect since the work done is not negative during an isothermal expansion.

2. Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction states that a changing magnetic field in a conductor induces a/an:

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction states that a changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force in a conductor. This electromotive force is responsible for generating electricity in power plants and various electrical devices. The induced current is a result of the changing magnetic field, not an increase in resistance (choice A), static electric charge (choice C), or a decrease in capacitance (choice D). Hence, the correct answer is B.

3. How do you determine the velocity of a wave?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The velocity of a wave can be determined by multiplying the frequency of the wave by the wavelength. This relationship is given by the formula: velocity = frequency × wavelength. By multiplying the frequency by the wavelength, you can calculate the speed at which the wave is traveling. This formula is derived from the basic wave equation v = f × λ, where v represents velocity, f is frequency, and λ is wavelength. Therefore, to find the velocity of a wave, one must multiply its frequency by its wavelength. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Adding, subtracting, or dividing the frequency and wavelength does not yield the correct calculation for wave velocity. The correct formula for determining wave velocity is to multiply the frequency by the wavelength.

4. The triple point of a substance is the specific temperature and pressure at which all three phases (solid, liquid, and gas) can coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium. Which of the following statements about the triple point is true?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The triple point is a unique temperature and pressure where all three phases (solid, liquid, and gas) of a pure substance can coexist in equilibrium. It is a constant for each substance and independent of container size. Choice A is incorrect because the triple point is a fixed point regardless of the container size. Choice C is incorrect as the pressure at the triple point is specific for each substance and will not be zero unless the substance has unique properties. Choice D is incorrect since the temperature at the triple point is precisely defined and cannot be above the boiling point of the liquid phase.

5. A circular running track has a circumference of 2,500 meters. What is the radius of the track?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The radius of a circular track can be calculated using the formula: Circumference = 2 × π × radius. Given that the circumference of the track is 2,500 m, we can plug this into the formula and solve for the radius: 2,500 = 2 × π × radius. Dividing both sides by 2π gives: radius = 2,500 / (2 × 3.1416) ≈ 397.89 m. Therefore, the closest answer is 400 m, making option B the correct choice. Option A (1,000 m) is too large, option C (25 m) is too small, and option D (12 m) is significantly smaller than the calculated radius.

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