Nursing Elites

1. What is the meaning of the word 'placebo' in the following sentence: 'Ten patients will receive the experimental drug while 10 take a placebo'?

• A. Fallback
• B. Substitute
• C. Control
• D. Curative

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In the context of the sentence, the word 'placebo' refers to a substance or treatment that resembles a real medical treatment but has no therapeutic effect. It is used as a standard against which the effects of the experimental drug are compared. A placebo is typically included in a control group in medical research to evaluate the actual effects of the experimental drug. Therefore, in this scenario, the placebo serves as a control to gauge the effectiveness of the experimental drug, making choice C the correct answer. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because a placebo is not a fallback, substitute, or curative treatment in this context.

2. After treatment, his PROGNOSIS was excellent. What does the term PROGNOSIS refer to?

• A. Compliance
• B. Range of motion
• C. Expected outcome
• D. Conclusion

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The term 'PROGNOSIS' refers to the expected outcome or likelihood of recovery after a specific treatment or illness. In this context, the word 'PROGNOSIS' directly relates to the expected outcome following the treatment, making choice C - Expected outcome - the correct answer. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because 'Compliance' refers to following instructions, 'Range of motion' relates to the extent of movement in a joint, and 'Conclusion' is a summary or final decision, none of which captures the meaning of 'PROGNOSIS.'

3. What does 'Inferior' mean?

• A. Above
• B. Below
• C. On the side
• D. In the middle

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Below.' Inferior means being in a lower position or rank compared to something else. Choice A ('Above') is incorrect as it represents the opposite of inferior. Choice C ('On the side') and Choice D ('In the middle') are also incorrect as they do not reflect the meaning of inferior, which conveys a sense of being lower in position or rank.

4. Which sentence correctly uses a semicolon?

• A. I have a big test tomorrow; I can't go out tonight.
• B. She likes apples; oranges are her favorite.
• C. I went to the store; and I bought some milk.
• D. I like apples, but oranges are better.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The sentence 'She likes apples; oranges are her favorite.' correctly uses a semicolon to connect two related independent clauses. The semicolon is used to separate two closely related ideas in a way that is stronger than a comma but not as final as a period. Choice A is incorrect because the conjunction 'but' is missing before 'I can't go out tonight.' Choice C is incorrect as the conjunction 'and' after the semicolon is unnecessary and disrupts the flow of the sentence. Choice D is incorrect because the semicolon is incorrectly placed before 'oranges are better,' where a comma or period would be more appropriate.

5. Which word names a medicine whose purpose is to induce vomiting?

• A. Laxative
• B. Emetic
• C. Vaccine
• D. Analgesic

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, 'Emetic.' An emetic is a medication specifically designed to induce vomiting. This helps the body expel toxic substances or clear the stomach. Choice A, 'Laxative,' aids in relieving constipation by promoting bowel movements, not inducing vomiting. Choice C, 'Vaccine,' is a substance used to stimulate the immune system against specific diseases, not to induce vomiting. Choice D, 'Analgesic,' refers to a medication used to relieve pain, not to induce vomiting. Therefore, options A, C, and D are incorrect in the context of inducing vomiting.

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