Nursing Elites

1. What do nociceptors detect?

• A. Deep pressure
• B. Vibration
• C. Pain
• D. Temperature

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Nociceptors are specialized sensory receptors that detect and transmit signals related to pain. These receptors are activated by noxious stimuli that can potentially cause tissue damage or injury, triggering the perception of pain in the brain. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Pain.' Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because nociceptors specifically respond to painful stimuli, not deep pressure, vibration, or temperature.

2. When a person pushes a box across the floor, which of the following forces is NOT doing work?

• A. The person's pushing force
• B. The normal force from the floor
• C. The gravitational force on the box
• D. The frictional force between the box and the floor

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The normal force from the floor is perpendicular to the direction of motion of the box, so it does not contribute to the work being done. Work is only done by forces acting in the direction of motion of an object. In this case, the normal force is acting at a right angle to the motion, hence it does not perform any work on the box. The person's pushing force, the gravitational force, and the frictional force are all acting in the direction of motion of the box, so they contribute to the work being done in moving the box across the floor.

3. An object is thrown upwards and reaches a maximum height. Which of the following statements is TRUE about its velocity and acceleration at the peak?

• A. Velocity is zero and acceleration is maximum upwards.
• B. Velocity is maximum and acceleration is zero.
• C. Velocity is maximum and acceleration is maximum upwards.
• D. Velocity is zero and acceleration is maximum downwards.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: At the peak of the object's motion, its velocity is zero because it momentarily stops before changing direction and starts to fall back down. The acceleration at the peak is maximum upwards as gravity is acting against the object's motion, slowing it down until it stops momentarily. Choice A is correct because at the peak, the object's velocity is zero, and the acceleration is maximum upwards. Choice B is incorrect because the velocity is not maximum but zero at the peak. Choice C is incorrect as both velocity and acceleration are not maximum at the peak. Choice D is incorrect as the acceleration at the peak is upwards, opposing the object's motion, not downwards.

4. Vacuoles are large sacs for storage in plant cells. What is their main function in animal cells?

• A. Protein synthesis
• B. Waste storage and disposal
• C. Photosynthesis
• D. Cellular respiration

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Vacuoles in animal cells primarily function in waste storage and disposal, helping to maintain cellular homeostasis by storing waste products and aiding in their removal from the cell. Unlike plant cells, animal cells do not typically use vacuoles for storage purposes such as water, nutrients, or pigments. Instead, animal cells rely on other organelles like lysosomes for waste management and maintaining cellular balance. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because protein synthesis occurs in ribosomes, photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts (absent in animal cells), and cellular respiration mainly occurs in mitochondria, respectively. Vacuoles in animal cells serve a different purpose compared to plant cells.

5. Which of the following is part of the central nervous system?

• A. Spinal cord
• B. Peripheral nerves
• C. Brainstem
• D. Cerebellum

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Spinal cord. The central nervous system comprises the brain and spinal cord. The spinal cord plays a crucial role in transmitting information between the brain and the body. Choices B, C, and D are not part of the central nervous system. Peripheral nerves belong to the peripheral nervous system, whereas the brainstem and cerebellum are components of the brain, distinct from the central nervous system.

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